Features of Protection of Row Crops Under Irrigation Conditions

Abstract

Irrigation changes the ecological conditions of crop cultivation and modifies existing phytopathocenoses and entomocomplexes, having a complex and multi-vector impact, which requires significant changes in protection technologies, the development of new methods for controlling harmful organisms. It is important to select a modern range of chemicals that can be effectively used in chemicalisation. The purpose of the study was to identify promising active substances of pesticides for use in drip irrigation and develop schemes for their application. Field experiments to determine the effectiveness of certain groups of pesticides in drip irrigation were conducted in the conditions of the dry steppe of Ukraine. The studied preparations were applied on a drip irrigation system. To investigate the use of pesticides in drip irrigation, schemes were developed to protect row crops: corn, tomatoes and soybeans. The selected active ingredients, which are characterised by translaminar and acropetal movement through the plant, have a systemic nature of action and are highly effective when used in drip irrigation technologies. It was found that one of the significant disadvantages of applying plant protection products with irrigation water is the limitation of the time of application by irrigation modes. The highest effectiveness against the main pathogens was observed with the combined method of applying pesticides according to the developed schemes. This method involves the use of pesticides together with irrigation water and additional treatment with chemical preparations by conventional methods of application during the growing season. For its part, this method allows performing preventive treatments in a short time and adjust the treatment time depending on the phytosanitary situation

Keywords

• drip irrigation
• chemicalisation
• corn
• soybeans
• tomatoes
• pesticide efficiency
• yield