7‑Hydroxymitragynine Is an Active Metabolite of Mitragynine and a Key Mediator of Its Analgesic Effects

• Andrew C. Kruegel,
• Rajendra Uprety,
• Steven G. Grinnell,
• Cory Langreck,
• Elizabeth A. Pekarskaya,
• Valerie Le Rouzic,
• Michael Ansonoff,
• Madalee M. Gassaway,
• John E. Pintar,
• Gavril W. Pasternak,
• Jonathan A. Javitch,
• Susruta Majumdar,
• Dalibor Sames

Affiliations

Andrew C. Kruegel

†Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Rajendra Uprety

Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

Steven G. Grinnell

‡Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Cory Langreck

§Department of Pharmacology, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Elizabeth A. Pekarskaya

∥Department of Neuroscience, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Valerie Le Rouzic

Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

Michael Ansonoff

Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States

Madalee M. Gassaway

†Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

John E. Pintar

Department of Neuroscience and Cell Biology, Rutgers Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey, United States

Gavril W. Pasternak

Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

Jonathan A. Javitch

‡Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States

Susruta Majumdar

Department of Neurology and Molecular Pharmacology Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, United States

Dalibor Sames

†Department of Chemistry, Columbia University, New York, New York, United States