Craniofacial microsomia

Abstract

Craniofacial microsomia (CFM) is the second most common craniofacial anomaly treated surgically in craniofacial centers worldwide. This craniofacial condition is variably associated with anomalies of the ears, jaws, orbits, soft tissue of face and function of the facial nerve. It can also be associated with extra-cranial deformities like cervical and rib anomalies. Largely, the etiology of CFM is unknown, but prenatal exposures of some drugs and genetic abnormalities may be associated with the condition. Diagnosis and treatment of CFM is challenging due to a wide spectrum of deformities (both osseous and soft tissue). Depending upon the severity of the deformity a wide variety of surgical treatment plans exist. After treating forty cases of CFM, we experienced that, though the treatment of severe form of CFM is difficult, but a coordinated multi-specialty team approach, especially of Reconstructive plastic surgery, orthognathic surgery, ear, nose and throat specialists leads to a successful and rewarding outcome.

Keywords

• craniofacial microsomia
• dysostosis otomandibularis
• first and second branchial arch syndrome
• goldenhar syndrome
• hemifacial microsomia