Anuario de Psicología Jurídica (Jan 2020)
The Analysis of Nonverbal Communication: The Dangers of Pseudoscience in Security and Justice Contexts
- Vincent Denault,
- Pierrich Plusquellec,
- Louise M. Jupe,
- Michel St-Yves,
- Norah E. Dunbar,
- Maria Hartwig,
- Siegfried L. Sporer,
- Jessica Rioux-Turcotte,
- Jonathan Jarry,
- Dave Walsh,
- Henry Otgaar,
- Andrei Viziteu,
- Victoria Talwar,
- David A. Keatley,
- Iris Blandón-Gitlin,
- Clint Townson,
- Nadine Deslauriers-Varin,
- Scott O. Lilienfeld,
- Miles L. Patterson,
- Igor Areh,
- Alfred Allan,
- Hilary Evans Cameron,
- Rémi Boivin,
- Leanne ten Brinke,
- Jaume Masip,
- Ray Bull,
- Mireille Cyr,
- Lorraine Hope,
- Leif A. Strömwall,
- Stephanie J. Bennett,
- Faisal Al Menaiya,
- Richard A. Leo,
- Annelies Vredeveldt,
- Marty Laforest,
- Charles R. Honts,
- Antonio L. Manzanero,
- Samantha Mann,
- Pär-Anders Granhag,
- Karl Ask,
- Fiona Gabbert,
- Jean-Pierre Guay,
- Alexandre Coutant,
- Jeffrey Hancock,
- Valerie Manusov,
- Judee K. Burgoon,
- Steven M. Kleinman,
- Gordon Wright,
- Sara Landström,
- Ian Freckelton,
- Zarah Vernham,
- Peter J. van Koppen
Affiliations
- Vincent Denault
- Université de Montréal, Département de communication, Canada, Département de communication, Université de Montréal, Canada.
- Pierrich Plusquellec
- Centre d’études en sciences de la communication non verbale, Canada, Centre d’études en sciences de la communication non verbale, Canada.
- Louise M. Jupe
- University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Michel St-Yves
- Sûreté du Québec, Canada, Sûreté du Québec, Canada.
- Norah E. Dunbar
- University of California, Department of Communication, Santa Barbara , United States, Department of Communication, University of California, Santa Barbara, United States.
- Maria Hartwig
- City University of New York, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, Department of Psychology, United States, Department of Psychology, John Jay College of Criminal Justice, City University of New York, United States.
- Siegfried L. Sporer
- University of Giessen, Department of Psychology and Sports Science, Germany, Department of Psychology and Sports Science, University of Giessen, Germany.
- Jessica Rioux-Turcotte
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Département de lettres et communication sociale, Canada, Département de lettres et communication sociale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada.
- Jonathan Jarry
- McGill University, McGill Office for Science and Society, Canada, McGill Office for Science and Society, McGill University, Canada.
- Dave Walsh
- De Montfort University, Leicester De Montfort Law School, United Kingdom, Leicester De Montfort Law School, De Montfort University, United Kingdom.
- Henry Otgaar
- Catholic University of Leuven, Leuven Institute of Criminology, Belgium, Leuven Institute of Criminology, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium.
- Andrei Viziteu
- University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Victoria Talwar
- McGill University, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, Canada, Department of Educational and Counselling Psychology, McGill University, Canada.
- David A. Keatley
- Murdoch University, School of Law, Australia, School of Law, Murdoch University, Australia.
- Iris Blandón-Gitlin
- California State University, Department of Psychology, Fullerton , United States, Department of Psychology, California State University, Fullerton, United States.
- Clint Townson
- Michigan State University, Department of Communication, United States, Department of Communication, Michigan State University, United States.
- Nadine Deslauriers-Varin
- Université Laval, École de travail social et de criminologie, Canada, École de travail social et de criminologie, Université Laval, Canada.
- Scott O. Lilienfeld
- Emory University, Department of Psychology, United States, Department of Psychology, Emory University, United States.
- Miles L. Patterson
- University of Missouri-St. Louis, Department of Psychological Sciences, United States, Department of Psychological Sciences, University of Missouri-St. Louis, United States.
- Igor Areh
- University of Maribor, Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security, Slovenia, Faculty of Criminal Justice and Security, University of Maribor, Slovenia.
- Alfred Allan
- Edith Cowan University, School Arts and Humanities, Australia, School Arts and Humanities, Edith Cowan University, Australia.
- Hilary Evans Cameron
- York University, Osgoode Hall Law School, Canada, Osgoode Hall Law School, York University, Canada.
- Rémi Boivin
- Université de Montréal, École de criminologie, Canada, École de criminologie, Université de Montréal, Canada.
- Leanne ten Brinke
- University of Denver, Department of Psychology, United States, Department of Psychology, University of Denver, United States.
- Jaume Masip
- University of Salamanca, Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology, Spain, Department of Social Psychology and Anthropology, University of Salamanca, Spain.
- Ray Bull
- University of Derby, Department of Criminology and Law, United Kingdom, Department of Criminology and Law, University of Derby, United Kingdom.
- Mireille Cyr
- Université de Montréal, Département de psychologie, Canada, Département de psychologie, Université de Montréal, Canada.
- Lorraine Hope
- University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Leif A. Strömwall
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Psychology, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Stephanie J. Bennett
- University of Portsmouth, Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, United Kingdom, Institute of Criminal Justice Studies, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Faisal Al Menaiya
- University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Richard A. Leo
- University of San Francisco, Hamill Family Professor of Law and Social Psychology, United States, Hamill Family Professor of Law and Social Psychology, University of San Francisco, United States.
- Annelies Vredeveldt
- VU University Amsterdam, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, The Netherlands, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- Marty Laforest
- Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Département de lettres et communication sociale, Canada, Département de lettres et communication sociale, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, Canada.
- Charles R. Honts
- Boise State University, Department of Psychological Science, United States, Department of Psychological Science, Boise State University, United States.
- Antonio L. Manzanero
- Complutense University of Madrid, Department of Experimental Psychology, Spain, Department of Experimental Psychology, Complutense University of Madrid, Spain.
- Samantha Mann
- University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Pär-Anders Granhag
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Psychology, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Karl Ask
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Psychology, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Fiona Gabbert
- Goldsmiths University of London, Forensic Psychology Unit, United Kingdom, Forensic Psychology Unit, Goldsmiths University of London, United Kingdom.
- Jean-Pierre Guay
- Université de Montréal, École de criminologie, Canada, École de criminologie, Université de Montréal, Canada.
- Alexandre Coutant
- Université du Québec à Montréal, Département de communication sociale et publique, Canada, Département de communication sociale et publique, Université du Québec à Montréal, Canada
- Jeffrey Hancock
- Stanford University, Department of Communication, United States, Department of Communication, Stanford University, United States.
- Valerie Manusov
- University of Washington, Department of Communication, United States, Department of Communication, University of Washington, United States.
- Judee K. Burgoon
- University of Arizona, Center for the Management of Information, United States, Center for the Management of Information, University of Arizona, United States.
- Steven M. Kleinman
- Operational Sciences International, United States, Operational Sciences International, United States
- Gordon Wright
- Goldsmiths University of London, Forensic Psychology Unit, United Kingdom, Forensic Psychology Unit, Goldsmiths University of London, United Kingdom.
- Sara Landström
- University of Gothenburg, Department of Psychology, Sweden, Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Sweden.
- Ian Freckelton
- University of Melbourne, Law Faculty, Australia, Law Faculty, University of Melbourne, Australia.
- Zarah Vernham
- University of Portsmouth, Department of Psychology, United Kingdom, Department of Psychology, University of Portsmouth, United Kingdom.
- Peter J. van Koppen
- VU University Amsterdam, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, The Netherlands, Department of Criminal Law and Criminology, VU University Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.5093/apj2019a9
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 30,
no. 1
pp. 1 – 12
Abstract
For security and justice professionals (e.g., police officers, lawyers, judges), the thousands of peer-reviewed articles on nonverbal communication represent important sources of knowledge. However, despite the scope of the scientific work carried out on this subject, professionals can turn to programs, methods, and approaches that fail to reflect the state of science. The objective of this article is to examine (i) concepts of nonverbal communication conveyed by these programs, methods, and approaches, but also (ii) the consequences of their use (e.g., on the life or liberty of individuals). To achieve this objective, we describe the scope of scientific research on nonverbal communication. A program (SPOT; Screening of Passengers by Observation Techniques), a method (the BAI; Behavior Analysis Interview) and an approach (synergology) that each run counter to the state of science are examined. Finally, we outline five hypotheses to explain why some organizations in the fields of security and justice are turning to pseudoscience and pseudoscientific techniques. We conclude the article by inviting these organizations to work with the international community of scholars who have scientific expertise in nonverbal communication and lie (and truth) detection to implement evidence-based practices.
Keywords
