Dynamics of the Apostichopus californicus-associated flavivirus under suboxic conditions and organic matter amendment

Jameson G. Crandell; Ashley K. Altera; Christopher M. DeRito; Kyle P. Hebert; Em G. Lim; Joel Markis; Katherine H. Philipp; Jordan E. Rede; Megan Schwartz; Brayan Vilanova-Cuevas; Evangeline Wang; Ian Hewson

doi:10.3389/fmars.2023.1295276

Frontiers in Marine Science (Nov 2023)

Dynamics of the Apostichopus californicus-associated flavivirus under suboxic conditions and organic matter amendment

Jameson G. Crandell,
Ashley K. Altera,
Christopher M. DeRito,
Kyle P. Hebert,
Em G. Lim,
Joel Markis,
Katherine H. Philipp,
Jordan E. Rede,
Megan Schwartz,
Brayan Vilanova-Cuevas,
Evangeline Wang,
Ian Hewson

Affiliations

Jameson G. Crandell: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Ashley K. Altera: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Christopher M. DeRito: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Kyle P. Hebert: Division of Commercial Fisheries, Alaska Department of Fish and Game, Juneau, AK, United States
Em G. Lim: Department of Biology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, BC, Canada
Joel Markis: Department of Applied Fisheries, University of Alaska Southeast, Sitka, AK, United States
Katherine H. Philipp: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Jordan E. Rede: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Megan Schwartz: Sciences and Mathematics, Division of School of Interdisciplinary Arts and Sciences, University of Washington, Tacoma, WA, United States
Brayan Vilanova-Cuevas: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Evangeline Wang: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
Ian Hewson: Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3389/fmars.2023.1295276
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 10

Abstract

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Flaviviruses cause some of the most detrimental vertebrate diseases, yet little is known of their impacts on invertebrates. Microbial activities at the animal-water interface are hypothesized to influence viral replication and possibly contribute to pathology of echinoderm wasting diseases due to hypoxic stress. We assessed the impacts of enhanced microbial production and suboxic stress on Apostichopus californicus associated flavivirus (PcaFV) load in a mesocosm experiment. Organic matter amendment and suboxic stress resulted in lower PcaFV load, which also correlated negatively with animal mass loss and microbial activity at the animal-water interface. These data suggest that PcaFV replication and persistence was best supported in healthier specimens. Our results do not support the hypothesis that suboxic stress or microbial activity promote PcaFV replication, but rather that PcaFV appears to be a neutral or beneficial symbiont of Apostichopus californicus.

Published in Frontiers in Marine Science

ISSN: 2296-7745 (Online)
Publisher: Frontiers Media S.A.
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Science: Natural history (General): General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution
Website: https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/marine-science

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