Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, United States; Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Shigenori Nonaka
Department of Basic Biology, Graduate School for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Japan; Spatiotemporal Regulations Group, Exploratory Research Center for Life and Living Systems, Okazaki, Japan; Laboratory for Spatiotemporal Regulations, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
Department of Basic Biology, Graduate School for Advanced Studies, Okazaki, Japan; Trans-Scale Biology Center, National Institute for Basic Biology, Okazaki, Japan
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Institute for Quantitative Biosciences (IQB), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
Naoyuki Yamamoto
Department of Animal Sciences, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
Hideaki Takeuchi
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan; Department of Integrative Life Sciences, Graduate School of Life Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan
Hiroyuki Takeda
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; Kyoto Sangyo University, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kamigamo Motoyama, Kyoto, Japan
The dorsal telencephalon (i.e. the pallium) exhibits high anatomical diversity across vertebrate classes. The non-mammalian dorsal pallium accommodates various compartmentalized structures among species. The developmental, functional, and evolutional diversity of the dorsal pallium remain unillustrated. Here, we analyzed the structure and epigenetic landscapes of cell lineages in the telencephalon of medaka fish (Oryzias latipes) that possesses a clearly delineated dorsal pallium (Dd2). We found that pallial anatomical regions, including Dd2, are formed by mutually exclusive clonal units, and that each pallium compartment exhibits a distinct epigenetic landscape. In particular, Dd2 possesses a unique open chromatin pattern that preferentially targets synaptic genes. Indeed, Dd2 shows a high density of synapses. Finally, we identified several transcription factors as candidate regulators. Taken together, we suggest that cell lineages are the basic components for the functional regionalization in the pallial anatomical compartments and that their changes have been the driving force for evolutionary diversity.
