EXAMINATION OF CZERNY op.599, CZERNY op.299, CZERNY op.136, CZERNY op.636, BURGMÜLLER op.100, DUVERNOY op.176 AND BERENS op.61 ETUDES USED IN PIANO BEGINNER EDUCATION

Abstract

In the literature, there are many piano etudes written for various levels by different composers. However, when study books are examined, it is often observed that technical studies are not listed systematically. Piano teachers consider the difficult techniques in the etudes they give to their students and choose the etudes to be practiced by taking into account their students' levels. In the study, the studies were examined in terms of the technical studies they contained. This research was carried out with the aim of creating a database according to the technical difficulties in the studies. The main problem of the study is the characteristics of the study books Czerny op.599, Czerny op.299, Czerny op.136, Czerny op.636, Duvernoy op.176, Berens op.61, Burgmüller op.100 used in piano education. The research basically consists of scanning and document review. The study was limited to the designated etude books and 354 etudes were examined. The research started by examining all the basic features of the works in the study books. Then, the studies were grouped according to the techniques they included. After this grouping, each etude is divided into three levels according to its technical difficulty: beginner (1), intermediate (2) and advanced (3). It has been observed that some studies contain more than one technical difficulty, and in these types of studies, the study on which the focus is on is included in that study group. Since the studies are grouped and leveled according to their technical difficulties, it is thought that the study will be a frequently used reference work in piano education and will provide convenience for both students and teachers. The most frequently used techniques in all these books used at the beginner level are right hand practice, chord practice, 3rd interval practice, staccato, left work and scale studies, and works from all levels are included in the Czerny op.139 etude book, Czerny op.299 and Czerny op. It has been determined that the Czerny op.636 books contain advanced level works, the Czerny op.599 book concentrates on the intermediate level, the Duvernoy op.176 and Burgmüller op.100 books contain intermediate level studies, and the Berens op.100 contains advanced level studies. It has been determined that the etudes containing the most technical studies are in the Czerny op.299 book, and the etude containing the most technical studies is etude number 38 in the Czerny op.299 book. Among all these books, the most arpeggio-studied tones are C Major, D Major, G Major and E flat Major, E Major and A Major. It has been determined that the tones most practiced arpeggio are C Major, F Major and G Major.

Keywords

• piano education
• etude
• piano etudes
• piano technique