Observation of stable Néel skyrmions in cobalt/palladium multilayers with Lorentz transmission electron microscopy

Abstract

Néel skyrmions are spin textures with a magnetization that rotates from in- to out-of-plane with distance from its centre. Here, the authors show that Lorentz transmission electron microscopy can be used to directly image Néel skyrmions with high resolution in thick exchange-coupled magnetic multilayers.