Psychology in Russia: State of Art (Sep 2023)
Attachment-Related Anxiety and Religiosity as Predictors of Generalized Self-Effi cacy and Dispositional Hope
Abstract
Background. Attachment-related anxiety and avoidance have a signifi cant impact on self-esteem, optimism, and hope. Moreover, previous studies have shown that religiosity can also be an important factor in promoting hope and emotional regulation. Objective. Th e fi rst aim of this study was to explore the relationship between attachment-related anxiety, attachment-related avoidance, dispositional hope, generalized self-effi cacy (GSE), future time perspective (FTP) as future time opportunities (FTO), and focus on limitations (FOL). Th e second purpose was to detect the eff ect of religiosity on hope, GSE, and FTP. Design. Th e study involved 153 Turkish participants (Females n = 81, 52.9%), between the ages of 18 and 66, who fi lled out the Dispositional Hope Scale, and the Experience in Close Relationship-Revised (ECR-R), FTP, and GSE inventories via a Google survey. A Pearson correlation test, multiple linear regression analysis, and an independent t-test were computed. Results. Attachment-related anxiety was inversely related to dispositional hope and GSE, while it was positively associated with FOL. Attachment-related avoidance was negatively related to dispositional hope and FTO, whereas it was positively correlated with FOL. FTO was positively correlated with GSE and dispositional hope. Religious participants had a higher level of dispositional hope and GSE than non-religious participants. A lower level of attachment-related anxiety and religiosity was associated with a higher level of GSE and hope. Females showed a higher level of makeup agency than men, whereas the men reported a higher level of FOL than the women. Conclusion. Th is study concluded that both attachment-related anxiety and religiosity were predictors of hope and GSE. Gender diff erences played a signifi - cant role in FOL and make-up agency. Moreover, it was found that attachmentrelated anxiety and avoidance have diff erent functions in GSE and FTO.
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