Sensors (Apr 2009)

Overview of Electrochemical DNA Biosensors: New Approaches to Detect the Expression of Life

  • Todd West,
  • David Danley,
  • Marty Ross,
  • Mark SantaAna,
  • Paolo Martini,
  • Carlotta Guiducci,
  • Marcelo Caraballo,
  • Stefano Cagnin,
  • Gerolamo Lanfranchi

DOI
https://doi.org/10.3390/s90403122
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 9, no. 4
pp. 3122 – 3148

Abstract

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DNA microarrays are an important tool with a variety of applications in gene expression studies, genotyping, pharmacogenomics, pathogen classification, drug discovery, sequencing and molecular diagnostics. They are having a strong impact in medical diagnostics for cancer, toxicology and infectious disease applications. A series of papers have been published describing DNA biochips as alternative to conventional microarray platforms to facilitate and ameliorate the signal readout. In this review, we will consider the different methods proposed for biochip construction, focusing on electrochemical detection of DNA. We also introduce a novel single-stranded DNA platform performing high-throughput SNP detection and gene expression profiling.

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