Journal of Inflammation Research (Jan 2021)
The Role of Regulatory B Cells in Health and Diseases: A Systemic Review
Abstract
Endeshaw Chekol Abebe,1 Tadesse Asmamaw Dejenie,2 Teklie Mengie Ayele,3 Nega Dagnew Baye,4 Assefa Agegnehu Teshome,4 Zelalem Tilahun Muche5 1Department of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 2Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia; 3Department of Pharmacy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 4Department of Human Anatomy, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, Ethiopia; 5Department of Physiology, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, Debre Tabor, EthiopiaCorrespondence: Endeshaw Chekol AbebeDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Health Sciences, Debre Tabor University, P.O. Box: 272; Debre Tabor Town, 6300, EthiopiaTel +251928428133Email [email protected]: Equivalent to regulatory T cells, a novel B cell populace, called regulatory B cells (Bregs), has been found to exert a negative immune regulatory role. These subsets of cells account for 0.5% of human B cells from the periphery that expand after activation upon certain stimuli depending on the nature of the microenvironment and provide a variety of Breg cell phenotypes. The increasing number of suppressive mechanisms attributed to Bregs suggests that these immune cells play many roles in immune regulation. Bregs have been confirmed to play a role in host defense mechanisms of healthy individuals as well as they play pathologic and protective roles in diseases or other conditions. Accumulating evidence reported that Bregs have a role in autoimmune and infectious diseases to lower inflammation, and in cancer to attenuate antitumor immune responses, thereby to promote cancer growth and metastasis. More recently, Bregs are also found to be involved in conditions like transplantation for transplant tolerance, during pregnancy to create an immune-privileged uterine environment and during early neonate life. Herein, the review summarizes recent findings aimed to provide understanding on the Breg cells, in the hope to gain insight on the general overview, development, mechanism of activation, and action of Bregs as well as their potential roles in health and diseases.Keywords: regulatory B cells, immune regulation, health, disease
