Impacts du développement des biocarburants aux États-Unis et dans l’UE sur les marchés internationaux de produits de grandes cultures

Abstract

The development of biofuels, particularly in the United States and slightly in the European Union, has been accompanied by a strong increase in world prices for cereals and vegetable oils. The simulations using the Oleosim model in The Agriculture 2013 Foresight Study (INRA) show that under the hypothese formulated on demographic evolution and meat production in different parts of the world, world agricultural markets would be even tenser in 2015 than they were at the beginning of this century. Supplementary demand for energy purposes would have a significant additional impact on world prices, production and world trade of cereals and oilseed products, as evaluated by the Oleosim model.

Keywords

• biofuels
• European Union
• USA
• world agricultural markets