Caryologia (Mar 2021)
Investigation of the Genotoxic and Cytotoxic Effects of the Euphorbia rigida Bieb. Extract
Abstract
The Euphorbiaceae family, known for its capacity of being used as medicinal and biopecticide, has attracted great attention in recent years. In this study, the genotoxic and cytotoxic effects of Euphorbia rigida Bieb. aqueous extract, believed to have the capacity of being used as biopecticide in both medicinal and agricultural applications, were determined with the Allium test. According to Allium test results, it had negative impacts on mitosis and showed cytotoxic and genotoxic effects for the cells existing here. The lowest level of MI (2.95 %) was observed in the 200 ppm treatment of E. rigida extract. On the other hand the highest number of aberrant cells was observed in pesticide Elandor® treatment with 88.1 aberrant cells, followed by the 50 ppm E. rigida extract with 84.1 and pesticide Goldplan® treatment with 82.5 aberrant cells. The highest cytological anomalies were chromosome stickiness, irregular metaphase and anaphase, pole deviations and C-mitosis. Antiviral activity properties of euphorbia diterpenoids, triterpenoids and steroids are known. We think that E. rigida plant extracts will have strong cytotoxic and genotoxic effects on the DNA/RNA and capsid structures of viruses. This may mean that they can be used as additives as a disinfectant for inanimate surfaces and social areas in addition pharmaceutics industry. In addition, according to the results obtained in our research, we can suggest that the extract obtained from E. rigida plant with water up to 50 ppm can be used as an alternative to chemicals used biopestisit purposes. No matter what purposes the extract of this plant is used, great care should be taken while using it because it can cause damage on cells and chromosomes. Hence, through more detailed and comprehensive studies, its capacity for medical and biopestisit purposes should be investigated.
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