ACT-Toxin, the Key Effector for the Virulence of <i>Alternaria alternata</i> Tangerine Pathotype to Specific Citrus Species
Suya Huang,
Zhaohui Jia,
Hangfei Li,
Shuting Zhang,
Junying Shen,
Yunpeng Gai,
Chen Jiao,
Xuepeng Sun,
Shuo Duan,
Min Wang,
Haijie Ma
Affiliations
Suya Huang
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Zhaohui Jia
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Hangfei Li
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Shuting Zhang
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Junying Shen
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Yunpeng Gai
School of Grassland Science, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China
Chen Jiao
Key Lab of Molecular Biology of Crop Pathogens and Insects, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Biotechnology, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
Xuepeng Sun
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Shuo Duan
China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory (A Joint Laboratory of the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and Gannan Normal University), National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
Min Wang
China-USA Citrus Huanglongbing Joint Laboratory (A Joint Laboratory of the University of Florida’s Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences and Gannan Normal University), National Navel Orange Engineering Research Center, Gannan Normal University, Ganzhou 341000, China
Haijie Ma
Collaborative Innovation Center for Efficient and Green Production of Agriculture in Mountainous Areas of Zhejiang Province, College of Horticulture Science, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou 311300, China
Alternaria brown spot disease is caused by the Alternaria alternata tangerine pathotype, which relies on ACT-toxin for infection. At present, all identified ACT-toxin biosynthesis-related genes are multi-copy genes. In this study, we summarized the advances in important host-specific toxins (HSTs), and listed key genes required for the pathogenicity of the A. alternata tangerine pathotype. Toxin virulence test results revealed that different citrus species displayed distinctly different tolerances to ACT-toxin. The extraction method of ACT-toxin crude extract was described in schematic form to make the method easier to understand. In addition, target gene disruption of two copies of ACTT5 (∆∆ACTT5) displayed significantly reduced virulence, indicating that ACTT5 is essential for the pathogenicity of the A. alternata tangerine pathotype.
