EBioMedicine (Apr 2021)
Bridging animal and clinical research during SARS-CoV-2 pandemic: A new-old challenge
- Martin S. Winkler,
- Tomasz Skirecki,
- Frank M. Brunkhorst,
- Sara Cajander,
- Jean-Marc Cavaillon,
- Ricard Ferrer,
- Stefanie B. Flohé,
- Alberto García-Salido,
- Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis,
- Massimo Girardis,
- Matthijs Kox,
- Gunnar Lachmann,
- Ignacio Martin-Loeches,
- Mihai G. Netea,
- Thibaud Spinetti,
- Joerg C. Schefold,
- Antoni Torres,
- Florian Uhle,
- Fabienne Venet,
- Sebastian Weis,
- André Scherag,
- Ignacio Rubio,
- Marcin F. Osuchowski
Affiliations
- Martin S. Winkler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Emergency and Intensive Care Medicine, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Robert-Koch-Str. 40, 37085 Göttingen, Germany
- Tomasz Skirecki
- Laboratory of Flow Cytometry, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland
- Frank M. Brunkhorst
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine & Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; Center for Clinical Studies, Jena University Hospital, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Sara Cajander
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health, Örebro University, Sweden
- Jean-Marc Cavaillon
- French National Research Agency (ANR), Paris, France
- Ricard Ferrer
- Intensive Care Department and Shock, Organ Dysfunction and Resuscitation Research Group, Vall d'Hebron University Hospital, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Passeig Vall d'Hebron 119-129, Barcelona, 08035, Spain; Centro de Investigación Biomedica En Red-Enfermedades Respiratorias (CibeRes, CB06/06/0028), Instituto de salud Carlos III (ISCIII), Av. de Monforte de Lemos, 5, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Stefanie B. Flohé
- Department of Trauma, Hand, and Reconstructive Surgery, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45147 Essen, Germany
- Alberto García-Salido
- Pediatric Critical Care Unit, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Madrid, Spain
- Evangelos J. Giamarellos-Bourboulis
- 4th Department of Internal Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Medical School, Athens 12462, Greece
- Massimo Girardis
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital of Modena, Italy
- Matthijs Kox
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases (RCI), Radboud University Medical Center, Geert Grooteplein Zuid 10, 6525 GA Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Gunnar Lachmann
- Department of Anesthesiology and Operative Intensive Care Medicine (CCM, CVK), Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353 Berlin, Germany; Berlin Institute of Health (BIH), Anna-Louisa-Karsch-Straße 2, 10178 Berlin, Germany
- Ignacio Martin-Loeches
- Multidisciplinary Intensive Care Research Organization (MICRO), St. James's Hospital, James's St N, Ushers, Dublin, D03 VX82, Ireland
- Mihai G. Netea
- Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center for Infectious Diseases, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Thibaud Spinetti
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Joerg C. Schefold
- Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Freiburgstrasse 18, 3010 Bern, Switzerland
- Antoni Torres
- Pneumology Department, Respiratory Institute (ICR), Hospital Clinic of Barcelona - Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS) - University of Barcelona (UB), Spain
- Florian Uhle
- Department of Anesthesiology, Heidelberg University Hospital, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
- Fabienne Venet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Immunology Laboratory, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France; EA 7426 ''Pathophysiology of Injury-Induced Immunosuppression - PI3'', Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1/bioMérieux/Hospices Civils de Lyon, Edouard Herriot Hospital, 5 Place d'Arsonval, 69003 Lyon, France
- Sebastian Weis
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine & Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany; Institute for Infectious Disease and Infection Control, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
- André Scherag
- Institute of Medical Statistics, Computer and Data Sciences, Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Bachstrasse 18, 07743 Jena, Germany
- Ignacio Rubio
- Dept. of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine & Center for Sepsis Control and Care (CSCC), Jena University Hospital-Friedrich Schiller University, Am Klinikum 1, 07747 Jena, Germany
- Marcin F. Osuchowski
- Ludwig Boltzmann Institute for Experimental and Clinical Traumatology in the AUVA Research Center, Donaueschingenstrasse 13, 1200, Vienna, Austria; Corresponding author.
- Journal volume & issue
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Vol. 66
p. 103291
Abstract
Many milestones in medical history rest on animal modeling of human diseases. The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has evoked a tremendous investigative effort primarily centered on clinical studies. However, several animal SARS-CoV-2/COVID-19 models have been developed and pre-clinical findings aimed at supporting clinical evidence rapidly emerge. In this review, we characterize the existing animal models exposing their relevance and limitations as well as outline their utility in COVID-19 drug and vaccine development. Concurrently, we summarize the status of clinical trial research and discuss the novel tactics utilized in the largest multi-center trials aiming to accelerate generation of reliable results that may subsequently shape COVID-19 clinical treatment practices. We also highlight areas of improvement for animal studies in order to elevate their translational utility. In pandemics, to optimize the use of strained resources in a short time-frame, optimizing and strengthening the synergy between the preclinical and clinical domains is pivotal.
