Recycling Aluminium AA6061 Chips with Reinforced Boron Carbide (B<sub>4</sub>C) and Zirconia (ZrO<sub>2</sub>) Particles via Hot Extrusion
Sami Al-Alimi,
Shazarel Shamsudin,
Nur Kamilah Yusuf,
Mohd Amri Lajis,
Wenbin Zhou,
Djamal Hissein Didane,
Safwan Sadeq,
Yazid Saif,
Ahmed Wahib,
Zawati Harun
Affiliations
Sami Al-Alimi
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Shazarel Shamsudin
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Nur Kamilah Yusuf
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Mohd Amri Lajis
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Wenbin Zhou
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK
Djamal Hissein Didane
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Safwan Sadeq
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universiti Teknologi Petronas, Seri Iskandar 31750, Malaysia
Yazid Saif
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Ahmed Wahib
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Zawati Harun
Sustainable Manufacturing and Recycling Technology, Advanced Manufacturing and Materials Center (SMART-AMMC), Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Parit Raja 86400, Malaysia
Compared to the recycling process by remelting, hot extrusion significantly reduces the energy consumption and CO2 emission and ensures good mechanical and microstructural properties. This study investigates the effects of reinforcing aluminium AA6061 chips with mixed boron carbide (B4C) and zirconia (ZrO2) particles by employing a design of experiment (DOE) under 550 °C processing temperature and three hours preheating time. The findings showed that compressive strength (CS) and hardness increased with up to 5% added particles, and beyond 5%, the yielded values decreased because of materials agglomeration. However, the decreasing density was dependent on the addition of ZrO2 particles. The distribution of particles with different volume fractions of mixed particles was investigated by employing SEM, AFM, and EDS tests. Thus, the process can produce a net shape structure that utilises material-bonding consolidation to provide sufficient support to reuse the recovered materials in engineering applications, such as in the automotive industry.
