CLINICAL PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF CEREBRAL EDEMA (part 2)

Abstract

The article gives the updated understanding of the physiology of cerebral fluid exchange and pathophysiology of cerebral edema. The first part of the article has been devoted to a description of the mechanisms of fluid and electrolyte exchange in health and the second part describes pathophysiological aspects of cerebral edema development, going through certain stages. A cytotoxic edema is the first stage when fluid is redistributed between spaces. It is followed by the sodium deficiency in the interstitium resulting in the development of the second stage - an ionic edema characterized only by functional disorders of hematoencephalic barrier. The consequent anatomic disorder of hematoencephalic barrier results in the development of a vasogenic edema and transfer to the stage of hemorrhagic transformation. Understanding the mechanism of the brain edema development provides new prospectives of the management of this state.

Keywords

• отек головного мозга
• молекулярные механизмы
• лечение отека головного мозга