An anatomopathological profile of 324 nephrectomies performed on renal tumours: a cross-sectional study

Abstract

Introduction: Although kidney cancer is a relevant and relatively frequent pathology there is shortage of literature based on Brazilian data. Objective: To analyze a group of patients who had been submitted to nephrectomy by renal mass, taking into consideration the histopathological profile and the surgical approach used. Methods: Undertaken in a hospital in the Metropolitan Region of Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, this cross-sectional, observational study utilises data taken from natomopathological reports and analysis of surgery description of nephrectomies carried out on primary renal tumours between 2007 and 2018. Results: We analyzed 324 cases, 65.1% of male with an average age of 60.5±14.1 years. Partial nephrectomies (PN) were performed in 61.1% of the cases and there was a tendency to increase the incidence of this type of surgery over time (p = 0.024), in addition to an increase in PN laparoscopies (p<0.001). The most frequent histological diagnoses were clear cell carcinomas (64.5%), followed by papillary renal cell carcinomas (11.8%) and chromophobic renal cell carcinomas (10.9%). Benign lesions were evident in 9.6% of cases, with an equal proportion of angiomyolipomas and oncocytomas. Conclusion: The findings of this study corroborate the data found in the international literature, whilst the increase in the number of PN and laparoscopic procedures follows a trend towards more conservative surgery and the use of minimally invasive techniques.

Keywords

• kidney neoplasms
• renal cell carcinoma
• nephrectomy
• laparoscopy