中国工程科学 (Apr 2025)
Key Electronic Materials: Global Application Progress and Future Development Directions in China
Abstract
Electronic materials are key functional materials used in the manufacture of electronic devices, integrated circuits, optoelectronic devices, and other electronic systems. They are widely applied in fields such as semiconductors, displays, communications, and energy storage and conversion, and have become a critical support for the development of frontier technologies such as artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things (IoT), advanced sensing, and quantum computing. The innovative development of key electronic material technologies directly influences the technological progress and market competitiveness of the electronic industry chain, and in the context of increasingly fierce international technological competition, it has become a core element in supporting the development of a country's strategic emerging industries. This study comprehensively reviews the global progress in the application of key electronic materials, covering industries such as integrated circuits, display technology, photovoltaic energy, high-end capacitors/resistors, and communications technology. Specifically, it reviews semiconductor silicon materials, electronic specialty gases, photoresists, wet electronic chemicals, chemical mechanical polishing materials, and third-generation semiconductor materials from the integrated circuit industry; liquid crystal display materials, organic light-emitting diode materials, laser display materials, micro-light-emitting diode materials, and sub-millimeter light-emitting diode materials from the display industry; crystalline silicon solar cell materials, perovskite solar cell materials, and organic solar cell materials from the photovoltaic industry; dielectric ceramic materials, polymer film materials, aluminum foil materials, conductive polymer materials, and electrode pastes from the high-end capacitors/resistor industry; and optical fiber materials and piezoelectric crystal materials from the communications industry. The study suggests that the rapid development of emerging technologies such as smart mobile devices, smart wearables, and the IoT has put forward higher requirements for the performance, reliability, and precision of electronic materials. Compared with international leading levels, China's high-end electronic materials still have a gap, manifested in insufficient autonomy in high-end material technologies, weak international influences, and limited participation in standards setting. Future efforts should be focused on the high-end, green, independent, and intelligent development of the electronic information industry, with a particular emphasis on breakthroughs in high-end electronic materials for integrated circuits, new displays, high-end capacitors/resistors, and the future communications industry. This will gradually achieve domestic substitution and promote the high-quality development of key electronic material technologies and industries in China.
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