Philosophical experience of searching for anthropological strategies in the context of religious philosophy and Christian anthropology

Abstract

The article discusses the topic of perspective for philosophical-anthropological research. Three directions of a possible philosophical-anthropological strategy are presented: anthroposocioecological, cultural-immunological, post-humanistic. These different directions are united by posing the question of a person in the aspect of his personality’s development. For all their advantages, a significant drawback is that they do not use the capabilities and traditions of the Russian religious and philosophical heritage to solve this problem. Therefore, the methodology of our research is based on an existential-anthropological approach: it allows to consider the object of study through the prism of the essential foundations of human existence and includes the methodology of Russian religious philosophy. To solve research problems, a complex of general scientific methods were used: description, analysis, comparison, synthesis, deduction, induction. As a result of the research, we come to the conclusion that the question of man in the philosophical thought of the last century was resolved in the context of removing methodological contradictions in the classical research tradition, based on the principles of subject-object dichotomy, anthropocentrism and rationalism, since it is not resolved the contradiction between the world of essential human values and the world of everyday life: they remain unharmonized. This characterizes the projects of the last century, as well as most modern ones. It is argued that the discrepancy between scientific approaches and principles of studying man in its entirety has become the main reason for the research crisis. The solution is seen in turning to the idea of man as an holistic, complexly organized and developing system, presenting man as the «likeness of God» in building research within the framework of moral-ontological and dialogue approaches, and using the method of dialectics, the principles of integrity, theocentricity and dynamism. It is believed that the development of anthropological discourse is possible through an appeal to religious philosophy in its domestic tradition, synergetic anthropology, and the tradition of Orthodox Christian thought about man.

Keywords

• dialectics
• culture
• methodology
• synergetic anthropology
• philosophical anthropology
• principle of holism