The use of the sonar complex when examining the lower surface of the ice

Abstract

The article discusses the methodological issues of applying the sonar method to determine the shape of the lower surface of ice directly from the ice surface in the Arctic, as a complex solution for morphometric studies. The results of the experimental use of the sonar method on the example of measurements in the Laptev Sea are presented.

Keywords

• morphometric parameters of ice
• sonar studies
• underwater photography
• sonar
• ice ridges
• icebergs