Advance Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
Advance Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
Advance Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
Department of Electrical, Electronics and System Engineering, Faculty of Electric and Built Environment, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia (UKM), Bangi, Selangor, Malaysia
Advance Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
Advance Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, King Mongkut’s University of Technology North Bangkok (KMUTNB), Wongsawang, Bangsue, Bangkok, Thailand
Advance Communication Engineering (ACE) Centre of Excellence, Faculty of Electronic Engineering Technology, Universiti Malaysia Perlis, Kangar, Perlis, Malaysia
In this paper, the design of a multiband multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) antenna with frequency and radiation pattern reconfiguration capability in the 5G sub-6 GHz band is presented. Frequency and radiation pattern reconfiguration are enabled on the antenna consisting of two planar inverted-F antenna (PIFA) elements using PIN diodes and DC biasing circuits. At the reflection coefficients of less than −6 dB, both PIFA element 1 and PIFA element 2 achieves triband with bandwidth from 220 MHz to 2330 MHz, ranging from 0.8 GHz to 6 GHz, covering cellular bands for GSM, UMTS, LTE and 5G-NR bands. Moreover, high isolation of at least −10 dB and envelope correlation coefficient with less than 0.3 between ports ensures satisfactory MIMO diversity performance. PIFA elements 1 and 2 have achieved main lobe gain ranging from 1.06 dB to 2.97 dB at their respective resonant frequencies with total efficiencies ranging from 46.2% to 74.5% achieved within the operating bandwidth. This enables a calculated channel capacity of 9.45 to 10.5 bit/s/Hz for PIFA element 1 and 9.56 to 10.23 bit/s/Hz for PIFA element 2, respectively. The percentage of channel capacity achieved over IID capacity for both PIFA elements ranges from 73.71% to 92.8%. Simulated antenna performance parameters agreed well with measurements, and potentially enables reliable and consistent data throughput for 5G mobile terminals.
