Performance Evaluation of Phenol-Resin-Based Adsorbents for Heat Transformation Applications

Hafiz M. Asfahan; Muhammad Sultan; Muhammad Farooq; Fahid Riaz; Sobhy M. Ibrahim; Md Shamim Ahamed; Muhammad Imran

doi:10.3390/ma16155262

Materials (Jul 2023)

Performance Evaluation of Phenol-Resin-Based Adsorbents for Heat Transformation Applications

Hafiz M. Asfahan,
Muhammad Sultan,
Muhammad Farooq,
Fahid Riaz,
Sobhy M. Ibrahim,
Md Shamim Ahamed,
Muhammad Imran

Affiliations

Hafiz M. Asfahan: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
Muhammad Sultan: Department of Agricultural Engineering, Bahauddin Zakariya University, Multan 60800, Pakistan
Muhammad Farooq: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology, Lahore 39161, Pakistan
Fahid Riaz: Mechanical Engineering Department, Abu Dhabi University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 59911, United Arab Emirates
Sobhy M. Ibrahim: Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
Md Shamim Ahamed: Department of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA
Muhammad Imran: Department of Mechanical, Biomedical and Design Engineering, College of Engineering and Physical Sciences, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, UK

DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/ma16155262
Journal volume & issue: Vol. 16, no. 15
p. 5262

Abstract

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Phenol resins (PRs) are considered as relatively inexpensive adsorbents synthesized from agricultural biomass via employing a variety of synthesized procedures. The performance of PR for heat transformation application is not widely investigated. In this regard, the present study aims to evaluate the four PR derivative/refrigerant pairs, namely (i) KOH6-PR/CO2, (ii) SAC-2/HFC, (iii) KOH4-PR/ethanol, and (iv) KOH6-PR/ethanol, for adsorption cooling and adsorption heating applications. Ideal cycle analyses and/or thermodynamic modelling approaches were utilized comprising governing heat and mass balance equations and adsorption equilibrium models. The performance of the AHP system is explored by means of specific cooling energy (SCE), specific heating energy (SHE), and coefficient of performance (COP), both for cooling and heating applications, respectively. It has been realized that KOH6-PR/ethanol could produce a maximum SCE of 1080 kJ/kg/cycle and SHE of 2141 kJ/kg/cycle at a regeneration temperature (Treg) and condenser temperature (Tcond) of 80 °C, and 10 °C, respectively, followed by KOH4-PR/ethanol, SAC-2/HFC-32, and KOH6-PR/CO2. The maximum COP values were estimated to be 1.78 for heating and 0.80 for cooling applications, respectively, at Treg = 80 °C and Tcond = 10 °C. In addition, the study reveals that, corresponding to increase/decrease in condenser/evaporator pressure, both SCE and SHE decrease/increase, respectively; however, this varies in magnitude due to adsorption equilibrium of the studied PR derivative/refrigerant pairs.

Published in Materials

ISSN: 1996-1944 (Online)
Publisher: MDPI AG
Country of publisher: Switzerland
LCC subjects: Technology: Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering; Technology: Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General); Science: Natural history (General): Microscopy; Science: Physics: Descriptive and experimental mechanics
Website: http://www.mdpi.com/journal/materials/

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