同一产地不同地理种源滇牡丹籽 营养成分含量比较分析Comparison of nutrient contents in the Paeonia delavayi seeds of different geographic provenance from the same origin

Abstract

旨在为选育性状优良、适合于油用开发的滇牡丹种质资源提供参考，对人工栽培在同一环境的9个种源滇牡丹籽百粒鲜质量和百粒干质量、含水率、可溶性糖含量、可溶性蛋白含量、粗脂肪含量、脂肪酸组成及含量进行了测定，对各指标之间的相关性及各指标与种源地地理因子的相关性进行分析，对脂肪酸组成进行主成分分析（PCA）和聚类分析。结果表明：人工栽培到同一环境后，不同地理种源滇牡丹籽各指标均存在一定差异，其中可溶性蛋白（变异系数21.76%）、亚油酸（变异系数19.57%）及豆蔻酸（变异系数18.52%）差异较大；丽江河西种源滇牡丹籽粗脂肪含量最高，达到21.64%；丽江鲁甸种源滇牡丹籽中的α-亚麻酸含量最高（42.84%）；相关性分析表明，百粒鲜质量（p<001）、百粒干质量（p<0.05）与种源地海拔高度存在显著正相关；PCA表明，硬脂酸、α-亚麻酸、十一酸、油酸、癸酸及亚油酸最能反映出不同种源滇牡丹籽中脂肪酸的组成情况，经聚类分析，在欧氏距离为5时，9个种源滇牡丹籽被分为3个大簇。综上，种源对滇牡丹籽的营养成分存在一定影响，在开展油用滇牡丹人工育种工作时，应充分考虑育种过程中父母本的种源地因素，以获得更好的油用滇牡丹选育结果。To provide reference for the selection of germplasm resources of Paeonia delavayi with excellent characteristics and suitable for oil development, hundred-grain fresh weight, hundred-grain dry weight, water content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, crude fat content and fatty acid composition and content of Paeonia delavayi seeds cultivated in the same environment (the seeds were from nine provenances) were determined.The correlation between each index and the correlation between each index and the geographic factors of the provenance were analyzed, and the principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis of the fatty acid composition were performed. The results indicated that there was significant differences in the indexes of Paeonia delavayi seeds of different provenance after the artificial cultivation in the same evinronment. The variation was at a relatively high level in the indexes of soluble protein, linoleic acid, and myristic acid with variation coefficient of 21.76%, 19.57% and 18.52%,respectively. The seeds collected from Hexi, Lijiang showed the highest crude fatty content, which reached 21.64%. The content of α-linolenic acid in Paeonia delavayi seeds in Ludian, Lijiang was the highest (42.84%). The correlation analysis showed that there were significant positive correlations between the hundred-grain fresh weight (p<0.01), hundred-grain dry weight (p<0.05), and provenance altitude. PCA results showed that stearic acid, α-linolenic acid, undecanoic acid, oleic acid, capric acid and linoleic acid could reflect the fatty acid composition in the seeds of different provenance well, and nine seeds of different provenance were divided into three large clusters when the euclidean distance was five. In conclusion, provenance has some influence on the nutrient of Paeonia delavayi seeds, the provenance factors of parents in the breeding process should be fully considered to obtain better breeding results of Paeonia delavayi for oil-use.

Keywords

• 滇牡丹；地理种源；人工栽培；可溶性糖；可溶性蛋白；粗脂肪；脂肪酸
• paeonia delavayi; geographic provenance; artificial cultivation; soluble sugar; soluble protein; crude fat; fatty acid