Etiological Spectrum of Obstructive Jaundice in Tertiary Hospital of Quetta

Abstract

Objective: To identify the etiological spectrum of obstructive jaundice in patients presenting in Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta.Study type,settings& duration:This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of General Surgery, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital, Quettafrom December 2017to June 2018.Methodology:A total number of 211 patients having age 15 to 65 years with diagnosis of obstructive jaundice were included. All radiological tests like ultrasound, CT scan and Magnetic Resonance Cholangio-pancreatography of the patients was done to determine the etiology of obstructive jaundice. After surgery,the histopathological examination of the biopsy was also done. Data analysis was done through SPSS v23 software.Results:Mean age of study patients was 47.86±12.40 years. There were 131 (62.09%) female patients and only 80 (37.91%) male patients. There were 87 (41.23%) patients who presented with benign causes while remaining 124 (58.77%) patients who presented with malignant causes. Among the benign causes, stone in common bile duct (CBD) were most common presented in 51 (24.2%) patients while 36 (17.1%) patients presented with stricture. Although pancreatic head carcinoma was the most prevalent disease diagnosed in 69 (32.7%) patients with malignant conditions, peri-ampular carcinoma in 24 (11.4%) patients, gallbladder carcinoma in 22 (10.4%), and cholangio-carcinoma in just 9 (4.3%) patients.Conclusion:As compared to benign causes, malignant causes of obstructive jaundice are more frequent. The highest prevalent tumour among malignant causes is pancreatic head carcinoma, while stones inthe common bile duct are highly prevalent among benign causes of obstruction in our population.

Keywords

• etiological spectrum
• choledocholithiasis
• carcinoma head of pancreas
• obstructive jaundice