Never Ending Challenge of Dengue - Current Scenario in the Hilly State of North India

Abstract

Introduction: Dengue is an arthropod borne (Arbovirus) viral infection. It is the most common arthropod borne virus found in India. It is transmitted principally by vector Aedes aegypti followed by Aedes albopictus. Due to cold weather Dengue is not endemic in Himachal Pradesh, however the number of cases are now on an increase. Also, there is paucity of published studies from this state on dengue. Aim: To estimate the current scenario of Dengue in this hilly state of North India in patients visiting our hospital. We also compared two tests i.e. NS1 antigen capture ELISA test and Dengue IgM Capture ELISA test for diagnosis of dengue. Materials and Methods: All cases with fever and suspected dengue infection were included in the study. Total 225 blood samples were collected from these patients. NS1 antigen and IgM detection were performed for diagnosis. Results: Out of total 225 suspected cases 73 cases (32.4%) were diagnosed with dengue infection. Overall NS 1 antigen ELISA was a more sensitive test as compared to IgM capture ELISA. Conclusion: Rapid tests must be performed early in the course of disease to establish diagnosis and initiate symptomatic treatment. Multiple tests done together enhance chances of dengue detection and are recommended. Vector control is the main key to control dengue spread in future.

Keywords

• arbovirus
• aedes aegypti
• ns1 antigen