Microbial Beta Glucosidase Enzymes: Recent Advances in Biomass Conversation for Biofuels Application
Neha Srivastava,
Rishabh Rathour,
Sonam Jha,
Karan Pandey,
Manish Srivastava,
Vijay Kumar Thakur,
Rakesh Singh Sengar,
Vijai K. Gupta,
Pranab Behari Mazumder,
Ahamad Faiz Khan,
Pradeep Kumar Mishra
Affiliations
Neha Srivastava
Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
Rishabh Rathour
Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
Sonam Jha
Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
Karan Pandey
Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
Manish Srivastava
Department of Physics and Astrophysics, University of Delhi, Delhi 110007, India
Vijay Kumar Thakur
Enhanced Composites and Structures Center, School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University, Bedfordshire MK43 0AL, UK
Rakesh Singh Sengar
Department of Agriculture Biotechnology, College of Agriculture, Sardar Vallabhbhai Patel, University of Agriculture and Technology, Meerut 250110, U.P., India
Vijai K. Gupta
Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, ERA Chair of Green Chemistry, Tallinn University of Technology, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
Pranab Behari Mazumder
Department of Biotechnology, Assam University, Silchar 788011, India
Ahamad Faiz Khan
Department of Bioengineering, Integral University, Lucknow 226026, India
Pradeep Kumar Mishra
Department of Chemical Engineering and Technology, IIT (BHU), Varanasi 221005, India
The biomass to biofuels production process is green, sustainable, and an advanced technique to resolve the current environmental issues generated from fossil fuels. The production of biofuels from biomass is an enzyme mediated process, wherein β-glucosidase (BGL) enzymes play a key role in biomass hydrolysis by producing monomeric sugars from cellulose-based oligosaccharides. However, the production and availability of these enzymes realize their major role to increase the overall production cost of biomass to biofuels production technology. Therefore, the present review is focused on evaluating the production and efficiency of β-glucosidase enzymes in the bioconversion of cellulosic biomass for biofuel production at an industrial scale, providing its mechanism and classification. The application of BGL enzymes in the biomass conversion process has been discussed along with the recent developments and existing issues. Moreover, the production and development of microbial BGL enzymes have been explained in detail, along with the recent advancements made in the field. Finally, current hurdles and future suggestions have been provided for the future developments. This review is likely to set a benchmark in the area of cost effective BGL enzyme production, specifically in the biorefinery area.
