Пернатые хищники и их охрана (Dec 2020)
Breeding Population Structure of the Eastern Imperial Eagle
Abstract
For purposes of this article, the analysis of 1765 literature sources was made on the distribution of the Eastern Imperial Eagle (Aquila heliaca). The information on the localization of breeding territories of this species over the past 30 years was collected into one dataset. Based on the above data, cell mapping and GIS analysis of the distribution of real and potential breeding territories of the Eastern Imperial Eagle were made. On this basis, 21 populations of this species were identified (24, including extinct ones). The populations are divided into 42 breeding groups (51, including extinct ones). The Eastern Imperial Eagle world population is estimated by different methods in the range from 8.1 to 11.9 thousand breeding pairs. The abundance of the Eastern Imperial Eagle in the world is estimated an optimal at 8099–9981 breeding pairs, based, among other things, on expert data. The biggest number of the species is concentrated in the populations of West Kazakhstan (1116–1292 pairs), the Volga-Kama Region (908–962 pairs), and the Caucasus-Asia Minor Region (821–900 pairs). Together with the Altai (770–797 pairs), South Ural (700–725 pairs), and Desert (430–570 pairs) populations, this is more than half (58.34%) of the total world population of the species. A large Eurasian metapopulation occupying a vast territory from the Seversky Donets Basin in the west to the mountains of Central Asia (Tien Shan, Dzhungarsky Alatau, Tarbagatai), Altai and Kuznetsk Alatau in the east, and covering the forest-steppe, steppe, semi-desert zones, as well as the northern desert zone, form 14 modern populations with a total area of 2.6 million sq.km. The boundaries between them are rather arbitrary, especially under the current growth of several species.
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