PA-12-Zirconia-Alumina-Cenospheres 3D Printed Composites: Accelerated Ageing and Role of the Sterilisation Process for Physicochemical Properties
Damian S. Nakonieczny,
Magdalena Antonowicz,
Gražyna SimhaMartynkova,
Frank Kern,
Lenka Pazourková,
Karol Erfurt,
Michał Hüpsch
Affiliations
Damian S. Nakonieczny
Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Magdalena Antonowicz
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Gražyna SimhaMartynkova
Nanotechnology Centre, CEET, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708733 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
Frank Kern
Institute for Manufacturing Technologies of Ceramic Components and Composites, University of Stuttgart, 70569 Stuttgart, Germany
Lenka Pazourková
IT4 Innovations, VŠB—Technical University of Ostrava, 17. Listopadu 15, 708733 Ostrava-Poruba, Czech Republic
Karol Erfurt
Faculty of Chemistry, Department of Chemical Organic Technology and Petrochemistry, Silesian University of Technology, Krzywoustego 4, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
Michał Hüpsch
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
The aim of this study was to conduct artificial ageing tests on polymer-ceramic composites prepared from polyamide PA-12 polymer matrix for medical applications and three different variants of ceramic fillers: zirconia, alumina and cenospheres. Before ageing, the samples were subjected to ethyl oxide sterilization. The composite variants were prepared for 3D printing using the fused deposition modeling method. The control group consisted of unsterilized samples. Samples were subjected to artificial ageing in a high-pressure autoclave. Ageing conditions were calculated from the modified Hammerlich Arrhenius kinetic equation. Ageing was carried out in artificial saliva. After ageing the composites were subjected to mechanical (tensile strength, hardness, surface roughness) testing, chemical and structural (MS, FTIR) analysis, electron microscopy observations (SEM/EDS) and absorbability measurements.
