Radiotherapy of prostate cancer: impact of treatment characteristics on the incidence of second tumors
Milly BUWENGE,
Erica SCIROCCO,
Francesco DEODATO,
Gabriella MACCHIA,
Maria NTRETA,
Silvia BISELLO,
Giambattista SIEPE,
Savino CILLA,
Anna Rita ALITTO,
Vincenzo VALENTINI,
Lidia STRIGARI,
Alessio G. MORGANTI,
Silvia CAMMELLI
Affiliations
Milly BUWENGE
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Erica SCIROCCO
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Francesco DEODATO
Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart
Gabriella MACCHIA
Radiotherapy Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart
Maria NTRETA
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Silvia BISELLO
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Giambattista SIEPE
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Savino CILLA
Medical Physic Unit, Gemelli Molise Hospital, Catholic University of Sacred Heart
Anna Rita ALITTO
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia
Vincenzo VALENTINI
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario “A. Gemelli” IRCCS, UOC Radioterapia Oncologica, Dipartimento di Diagnostica per Immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia
Lidia STRIGARI
Medical Physics Unit, “S. Orsola-Malpighi” Hospital
Alessio G. MORGANTI
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Silvia CAMMELLI
Radiation Oncology Center, Department of Experimental, Diagnostic and Specialty Medicine – DIMES, University of Bologna, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital
Abstract Background It has been hypothesized that radiotherapy (RT) techniques delivering radiations to larger volumes (IMRT, VMAT) are potentially associated with a higher risk of second primary tumors. The aim of this study was to analyse the impact of RT technique (3D-CRT vs IMRT/VMAT) on the incidence of second tumors in prostate cancer (PCa) patients. Methods A retrospective study on 2526 previously irradiated PCa patients was performed. Patients were treated with 3D-CRT (21.3%), IMRT (68.1%), or VMAT (10.6%). Second tumors incidence was analysed in 3 categories: pelvic, pelvic and abdominal, and “any site”. The correlation with RT technique was analysed using log-rank test and Cox’s proportional hazard method. Results With a median follow-up of 72 months (range: 9–185), 92 (3.6%) cases of second tumors were recorded with 48 months (range: 9–152) median interval from RT. Actuarial 10-year second tumor free survival (STFS) was 87.3%. Ten-year STFS in patients treated with 3D-CRT and IMRT/VMAT was 85.8 and 84.5%, respectively (p: .627). A significantly higher 10-year cumulative incidence of second tumors in the pelvis was registered in patients treated with IMRT/VMAT compared to 3D-CRT (10.7% vs 6.0%; p: .033). The lower incidence of second pelvic cancers in patients treated with 3D-CRT was confirmed at multivariable analysis (HR: 2.42, 95%CI: 1.07–5.47, p: .034). Conclusions The incidence of second pelvic tumors after RT of PCa showed a significant correlation with treatment technique. Further analyses in larger series with prolonged follow-up are needed to confirm these results.
