Melatonin Ameliorates The Production of COX-2, iNOS, and The Formation of 8-OHdG in Non-Targeted Lung Tissue after Pelvic Irradiation
Reza Fardid,
Ashkan Salajegheh,
Mohammad Amin Mosleh-Shirazi,
Sedigheh Sharifzadeh,
Mohammad Ali Okhovat,
Masoud Najafi,
Abolhasan Rezaeiyan,
Akbar Abaszadeh
Affiliations
Reza Fardid
Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Ashkan Salajegheh
Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Mohammad Amin Mosleh-Shirazi
Ionizing and Non-ionizing Radiation Protection Research Center, Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Sedigheh Sharifzadeh
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Mohammad Ali Okhovat
Diagnostic Laboratory Sciences and Technology Research Center, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical sciences, Shiraz, Iran
Masoud Najafi
Department of Biomedical Physics and Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Abolhasan Rezaeiyan
Department of Medical Physics, School of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
Akbar Abaszadeh
Department of Radiology, School of Paramedical Sciences, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran
In this study, we evaluated the bystander effect of radiation on the regulation of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and 8-hydroxydeoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in lung tissues of Sprague-Dawley rats with and without pre-administration of melatonin. A 2×2 cm2 area of the pelvis of male Sprague-Dawley rats with and without pre-administration of melatonin (100 mg/kg) by oral and intraperitoneal injection was irradiated with a 3 Gy dose of 1.25 MeV γ-rays. Alterations in the levels of COX-2, iNOS, and 8-OHdG in the out-of-field lung areas of the animals were detected by enzyme immunoassay. The bystander effect significantly increased COX-2, iNOS, and 8-OHdG levels in non-targeted lung tissues (P<0.05). Melatonin ameliorated the bystander effect of radiation and significantly reduced the level of all examined biomarkers (P<0.05). The results indicated that the ameliorating effect of a pre-intraperitoneal (IP) injection of melatonin was noticeably greater compared to oral pre-administration. Our findings revealed that the bystander effect of radiation could induce oxidative DNA damage and increase the levels of imperative COX-2 and iNOS in non-targeted lung tissues. Interestingly, melatonin could modulate the indirect destructive effect of radiation and reduce DNA damage in non-targeted cells.
