PREMENSTRUAL SYNDROME: CLINICAL PATTERN, DIAGNOSTICS AND THERAPEUTIC APPROACHES

Abstract

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a complex, cyclical, polyethiological, multifactorial combination of physical and mental disorders that occur in some women of reproductive age in the second - luteal - phase of the menstrual cycle and negatively affect the woman’s usual lifestyle.Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a severe form of PMS in which psychoneurological symptoms prevail. For the diagnosis of PMDD, the specific DSM-5 criteria were developed by the American Psychiatric Association according to which the the diagnosis is confirmed by the presence of five or more symptoms in women during the week prior to menstruation and their disappearance a few days after the onset of menstruation. These symptoms are observed for at least two cycles.Treatment of women with PMS/PMDD, first of all, should start with the lifestyle adjustment, inclusion of regular mode rate physical activity into daily activities. The effectiveness of vitamins B6, E and calcium has not been confirmed in studies. First-line drug therapy includes SSRIs or combined oral contraceptives containing drospirenone are prescribed first, then agonists of gonadotropin-releasing hormone.

Keywords

• premenstrual syndrome
• premenstrual dysphoric disorder
• combined oral contraceptives