Effects of dietary artemisinin on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiota, antioxidant capacity and immune biomarkers of Coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus)

Zhixuan Lin; Ling Pan; Ruitao Xie; Lixian Li; Jiasheng Wen; Xiaoqiu Zhou; Xiaohui Dong; Shiwei Xie; Beiping Tan; Hongyu Liu

Aquaculture Reports (Apr 2023)

Effects of dietary artemisinin on growth performance, digestive enzyme activity, intestinal microbiota, antioxidant capacity and immune biomarkers of Coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus)

Zhixuan Lin,
Ling Pan,
Ruitao Xie,
Lixian Li,
Jiasheng Wen,
Xiaoqiu Zhou,
Xiaohui Dong,
Shiwei Xie,
Beiping Tan,
Hongyu Liu

Affiliations

Zhixuan Lin: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Ling Pan: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Ruitao Xie: Guangdong Evergreen Feed Industry Co. Ltd, Zhanjiang 524088, PR China
Lixian Li: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Jiasheng Wen: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Xiaoqiu Zhou: Animal Nutrition Institute, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 625014, PR China
Xiaohui Dong: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Shiwei Xie: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Beiping Tan: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China
Hongyu Liu: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Aquatic Animals Precision Nutrition and High Efficiency Feed Engineering Research Centre of Guangdong Province, Zhanjiang, Guangdong, PR China; Key Laboratory of Aquatic, Livestock and Poultry Feed Science and Technology in South China, Ministry of Agriculture, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China; Corresponding author at: Laboratory of Aquatic Animal Nutrition and Feed, Fisheries College, Guangdong Ocean University, Zhanjiang 524025, PR China.

Journal volume & issue: Vol. 29
p. 101525

Abstract

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Artemisinin is an active ingredient extracted from the Chinese medicine Artemisia carvifolia. The experiment investigated the effects of dietary artemisinin on growth performance, intestinal digestive enzyme activity and flora, antioxidant capacity, immune-related gene expression of Coral trout (Plectropomus leopardus). The 450 fish with an initial weight of 9.40 ± 0.04 g were randomly divided into 5 groups of 3 replicates and fed in 500 m3 fiberglass tank for 9 weeks. Five iso-nitrogenous (50% crude protein) and iso-lipidic (10% crude lipid) diets were formulated by supplementing various mass fractions of artemisinin (C0 0% as control; C0.2 0.20%, C0.4 0.40%, C0.8 0.80%, and C1.2 1.20%). The results showed that the C0.2 had the highest weight gain rate (WGR) compared to the others (P < 0.05). The levels of trypsin, amylase and lipase in the fish intestine reached their maximum values at C0.2 (P < 0.05). Compared to C0, feed supplementation with artemisinin significantly enhanced total antioxidant capacity in liver, intestine and serum, increased peroxidase, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzyme activities, and decreased malondialdehyde levels. The results of liver immune gene expression showed that tumor necrosis factor (TNFα), C-type lectin structural domain family 4 member M, myeloid differentiation factor 88 genes were significantly downregulated in the C0.8 group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). Analysis of the intestinal flora of C0, C0.2 and C1.2 showed that the supplementation of artemisinin reduced the relative abundance of conditionally pathogenic bacteria (Vibrio). In summary, dietary supplementation with artemisinin improved growth performance, enhanced nonspecific immunity and reduced the relative abundance of harmful flora in intestinal tract of Coral trout. Based on the quadratic regression analysis of WGR and dietary artemisinin levels, the recommended level of artemisinin supplements in the diet of Coral trout is 0.38%.

Published in Aquaculture Reports

ISSN: 2352-5134 (Online)
Publisher: Elsevier
Country of publisher: Netherlands
LCC subjects: Agriculture: Aquaculture. Fisheries. Angling
Website: http://www.journals.elsevier.com/aquaculture-reports/

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