Functional outcome of anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction with hamstring graft along with augmentation of bone marrow aspirate concentrate

Abstract

Introduction: Athletic population are more prone to anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. Surgical intervention is required for ACL tears as it restores the knee function and it prevents early osteoarthritis. In the recent research, there is increasing use of bone marrow aspirate concentrate (BMAC) in orthopedic. BMAC provides with mesenchymal stem cells, progenitor cells, and growth factors which have potential benefits in hamstring graft healing after ACL reconstruction. Methods: Thirty patients between the age group of 18 and 40 years with complete ACL tear were selected after obtaining approval from institutional research committee and were divided into two groups; control group in which only ACL reconstruction was done and second group in which ACL reconstruction was done augmenting it with BMAC. For the BMAC group, 3 ml of BMAC was obtained in the operation theatre itself and was injected into femoral tunnel and tibial tunnel just before portal suturing. Functional outcome in the form of LYSHOM, Oxford knee score, and International Knee Documentation Committee Scoring Scale was obtained postoperatively after 2 years. Results: Most of the patients with augmentation had better functional outcome as compared to those who were not augmented. Conclusion: BMAC showed faster and better healing of the graft in ACL reconstruction.

Keywords

• anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction
• hamstring graft
• bone marrow aspirate concentrate
• sports injury
• functional outcome
• biological augmentation
• progenitor cells