Advances in Medical Education and Practice (Jun 2020)
The Evolution of Social Beliefs 1960–2016 in the United States and Its Influence on Empathy and Prosocial Expression in Medicine
Abstract
Reginald F Baugh University of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, Toledo, OH 43623, USACorrespondence: Reginald F BaughUniversity of Toledo College of Medicine and Life Sciences, 3000 Arlington Avenue, MS 1905, Toledo, OH 43623, USATel +1 419-383-6834Email [email protected]: This perspective surveys healthcare’s response to the increased prominence of racial, ethnic, religious and sexual minorities as well as females in American culture. It argues for understanding physicians both as products of the broader society and its changes. Starting in the 1960s, empiric evidence for the rise of reactionary viewpoints in response to major social movements is outlined. Structural reasons for the prevalence of such ideologies within medicine are highlighted. Its negative consequences for minority health are addressed. Finally, the author turns to compensatory strategies to improve the social environment within healthcare. Alternative selection strategies for medical school are proposed, with a stronger focus on empathetic candidates.Keywords: social beliefs, empathy, diversity and inclusion, social justice, medical school admissions, discrimination, multiculturalism, assimilation
