The use of superparamagnetic nanoparticles for prosthetic biofilm prevention

Abstract

Erik N Taylor, Thomas J WebsterNanomedicine Laboratories, Division of Engineering, and Department of Orthopaedics, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USAAbstract: As with all surgical procedures, implantation comes with the added risk of infection. The goal of this in vitro study was to explore the use of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION) as a multifunctional platform to prevent biofilm formation. Results showed for the first time decreased Staphylococcus epidermidis numbers when exposed to 100 µg/ml of SPION for 12 hours and this trend continued for up to 48 hours. Prevention of colony assembly, a prerequisite to biofilm formation, was also observed at lower SPION dosages of 10 µg/ml after 12 hours. Coupled with previous studies demonstrating enhanced bone cell functions in the presence of the same concentration of SPION, the present results provided much promise for the use of SPION for numerous anti-infection orthopedic applications.Keywords: superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPION), prosthetic infection, biofilm, nanotechnology, nanomedicine, Staphylococcus epidermidis