Universe (Oct 2021)
Detection of Low-Energy X-rays Using YSO Scintillation Crystal Arrays for GRB Experiments
- Minbin Kim,
- Jakub Ripa,
- Il H. Park,
- Vitaly Bogomolov,
- Søren Brandt,
- Carl Budtz-Jørgensen,
- Alberto J. Castro-Tirado,
- Sheng-Hsiung Chang,
- Yenyun Chang,
- Chia Ray Chen,
- C.-W. Chen,
- Pisin Chen,
- Paul Connell,
- Chris Eyles,
- Georgii Gaikov,
- Gihan Hong,
- Jian Jung Huang,
- Ming-Huey Alfred Huang,
- Soomin Jeong,
- Jieun Kim,
- Jik Lee,
- Heuijin Lim,
- Chih-Yang Lin,
- Tsung-Che Liu,
- Jiwoo Nam,
- Mikhail Panasyuk,
- Vasily Petrov,
- Victor Reglero,
- Juana M. Rodrigo,
- Sergey Svertilov,
- Nikolay Vedenkin,
- Ming Zu Wang,
- Ivan Yashin
Affiliations
- Minbin Kim
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Jakub Ripa
- Department of Theoretical Physics and Astrophysics, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, 60177 Brno, Czech Republic
- Il H. Park
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Vitaly Bogomolov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Søren Brandt
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Carl Budtz-Jørgensen
- National Space Institute, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs. Lyngby, Denmark
- Alberto J. Castro-Tirado
- Instituto de Astrofisica de Andalucia (IAA-CSIC), P.O. Box 03004, 18080 Granada, Spain
- Sheng-Hsiung Chang
- National Space Organization, 9 Prosperity 1st Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
- Yenyun Chang
- Department of Physics and Graduate Institute of Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Chia Ray Chen
- National Space Organization, 9 Prosperity 1st Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
- C.-W. Chen
- Department of Physics and Graduate Institute of Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Pisin Chen
- National Space Organization, 9 Prosperity 1st Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
- Paul Connell
- GACE, Edif. de Centros de Investigacion, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Chris Eyles
- GACE, Edif. de Centros de Investigacion, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Georgii Gaikov
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Gihan Hong
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Jian Jung Huang
- Department of Physics and Graduate Institute of Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Ming-Huey Alfred Huang
- Department of Energy Engineering, National United University, 2, Lienda Road, Miaoli 36063, Taiwan
- Soomin Jeong
- Agency for Defense Development, Yuseong P.O. Box 35, Daejeon 34186, Korea
- Jieun Kim
- Division of Atmospheric Sciences, Korea Polar Research Institute (KOPRI), 26 Songdomirae-ro, Yeonsu-gu, Incheon 21990, Korea
- Jik Lee
- The Center for High Energy Physics, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro Buk-gu, Daegu 41566, Korea
- Heuijin Lim
- Dongnam Institute of Radiological & Medical Sciences, Jwadong-gil 40, Jangan-eup, Gijang-gu, Busan 46033, Korea
- Chih-Yang Lin
- National Space Organization, 9 Prosperity 1st Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
- Tsung-Che Liu
- Department of Electrophysics, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, 1001, University Road, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan
- Jiwoo Nam
- National Space Organization, 9 Prosperity 1st Road, Hsinchu Science Park, Hsinchu 30078, Taiwan
- Mikhail Panasyuk
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Vasily Petrov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Victor Reglero
- GACE, Edif. de Centros de Investigacion, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Juana M. Rodrigo
- GACE, Edif. de Centros de Investigacion, Universidad de Valencia, Burjassot, 46100 Valencia, Spain
- Sergey Svertilov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Nikolay Vedenkin
- Department of Physics, Sungkyunkwan University, 2066 Seobu-ro, Suwon 16419, Korea
- Ming Zu Wang
- Department of Physics and Graduate Institute of Astrophysics, National Taiwan University, 1 Roosevelt Road, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Ivan Yashin
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics of Lomonosov, Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/universe7110396
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 7,
no. 11
p. 396
Abstract
We developed an X-ray detector using 36 arrays, each consisting of a 64-pixellated yttrium oxyorthosilicate (YSO) scintillation crystal and a 64-channel multi-anode photomultiplier tube. The X-ray detector was designed to detect X-rays with energies lower than 10 keV, primarily with the aim of localizing gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). YSO crystals have no intrinsic background, which is advantageous for increasing low-energy sensitivity. The fabricated detector was integrated into UBAT, the payload of the Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory (UFFO)/Lomonosov for GRB observation. The UFFO was successfully operated in space in a low-Earth orbit. In this paper, we present the responses of the X-ray detector of the UBAT engineering model identical to the flight model, using 241Am and 55Fe radioactive sources and an Amptek X-ray tube. We found that the X-ray detector can measure energies lower than 5 keV. As such, we expect YSO crystals to be good candidates for the X-ray detector materials for future GRB missions.
Keywords
