Identifying an effective teacher characteristic during corona era virtual instruction - A meta synthesis approach

Abstract

The aim of this study was to identify the characteristics of an effective teacher in virtual education in the Corona era. It was a qualitative synthesis research of the conversion meta- synthesis type and it has been conducted using Sandlowski and Barroso’s six-step method. During the steps, while selecting the meta-synthesis team, the research question and the inclusion criteria for including the papers were determined, and during the systematic search of resources in Latin databases, 45 original papers were selected according to the exclusion criteria. Then, while extracting the basic themes, 54 basic themes were established which were converted into 8 organizing themes of the first level and then 3 categories of organizing themes of the second level including cognitive presence (development of self-concepts in students, students' cognitive involvement, support of student activities), social presence (ability to create group activities, ability to manage group activities while teaching) and teaching presence (skill in organizing their teaching knowledge, understanding the theoretical concepts of teaching in e-environments, designing and implementing e-teaching). Finally, all the mentioned topics were presented in the form of the comprehensive theme of the effective teacher characteristics in virtual education. In the sixth step, findings were validated using validation and transferability techniques. The nature of the teacher’s facilitating role in virtual education during the corona era and the attention of those in charge of education to changes in education and its tendency towards e-learning encourages them to review the educational procedures.

Keywords

• effective teacher
• cognitive presence
• social presence
• presence of teaching
• meta synthesis approach