Modifikasi serat limbah kubis menjadi nanokristalin selulosa melalui metode hidrolisis asam

Abstract

As one of vegetable plants in South Sulawesi, cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) crops has generated cellulose fibers biomass which is potentially modified into nano-crystalline cellulose, a valuable material in the pharmaceutical formula. Therefore, this study aims to manipulate the natural cellulose fibers of cabbage biomass through acid hydrolysis method within product preliminary evaluation through FT-IR and XRD. The fibers were modified through the bleaching process produce micro crystalline cellulose, which was then hydrolyzed with 65% sulfuric acid to obtain nanocrystalline cellulose. The products have yellow pale to brown colour, with a yield of 10.06% and 31.16% respectively. Based on FT-IR spectra, both products inherit cellulose characteristics, C-O (1232.16 cm-1); C = O (1743.65 cm-1); -OH (1625.99 cm-1); C-H (2920.23 cm-1); O-H (3414 cm-1). The increasing trend of crystallinity index during the process was also observed in XRD diffractogram. It is identifiable from 7.41% for natural fiber, 69.68% for crystalline microcrystalline, and 78.01% for nano crystalline cellulose. Through Match®, the estimated crystalline product size reaches 58.91 nm.

Keywords

• acid hydrolysis, crystalline index, nanocrystalline cellulose, waste cabbage