Perm Journal of Petroleum and Mining Engineering (Nov 2018)
Assessment of fire safety of evacuation routes in industrial premises
Abstract
The paper presents results of the development of new scientific and methodological principles for assessing the fire safety of industrial premises evacuation routes. The basis of these principles is the scientific methodology for managing industrial safety, developed at the department of life safety at the Perm National Research Polytechnic University. Following is discussed in the paper: 1) method of modelling scenarios for fire break-out and development based on Ishikawa diagram, 2) mathematical model describing the stepwise process of fire break-out and development in accordance with diagram topology, 3) indicator of fire safety of evacuation routes, 4) model for estimating the probability of evacuation of people along through the evacuation routes, 5) model for estimating the probability of evacuation from the premises. The developments mentioned above took into account problematic issues related to the behavior of people during a fire (operational actions to turn off equipment or stop the process, speed of human response to fire signals and decision time), movement of people during evacuation inside confined or limited spaces (mines, containers, wells, vessels etc.), remoteness of workplaces from evacuation routes (scaffolding, crane tracks, work at height etc.), reliability of evacuation warning and control systems, absence of a clear algorithm for constructing fire scenarios. The areas of scientific research application are identified. A method for assessing the safety of evacuation routes in relation to fire extinguishing substances of automatic fire extinguishing units that pose a danger to human health is considered. Examples of the application of scientific developments in the assessment of evacuation routes fire safety and modelling a fire scenario at a specific production facility are given.
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