Redai dili (Aug 2022)
Spatial Spillover and Threshold Effect of New Urbanization on Tourism Efficiency
Abstract
New urbanization promotes the free flow and redistribution of tourism elements in space and accelerates the transformation of the tourism economy to intensive and efficient development, which is one of the possible ways to optimize tourism efficiency. Taking 30 provinces in China as case studies, this study utilized the entropy method and bootstrap-data envelopment analysis to measure the level of new urbanization and tourism efficiency from 2001 to 2019. A bivariate LISA model was adopted to investigate their spatial correlation characteristics. Spatial Durbin and threshold models were used to analyze the spatial effect and dynamic non-linear impact of the development of new urbanization on tourism efficiency. The results revealed the following: 1) During the study period, the level of new urbanization and tourism efficiency in China showed varying degrees of fluctuation and improvement, with the largest increase in the Central and Western areas. Spatial differentiation characteristics were in the order of Eastern Area > Central Area > Western Area > Northeastern Area and Central Area > Eastern Area > Western Area > Northeastern Area. 2) A positive spatial correlation was observed between new urbanization and tourism efficiency. Local spatial correlation types of spatial agglomeration were namely H-H and L-L. A total of two new urbanization areas had a spatial effect on tourism efficiency. The direct and indirect effect coefficients were 0.274 3 and -0.634 5, respectively. New urbanization in this region was found to have a positive effect on the improvement of tourism efficiency, while the improvement of new urbanization in adjacent areas is expected to inhibit the improvement of tourism efficiency in this region. 3) Under the influence of the threshold variable of tourism industry status, the positive effect of new urbanization on tourism efficiency exhibited a double threshold, showing a U-shaped change trend of "decline first and then rise." Based on the results, this study proposes differentiated countermeasures to improve regional tourism efficiency, expands the research on the non-linear relationship between new urbanization and tourism economics from the perspective of comprehensive development of new urbanization, and enhances the academic attention on the feedback effect of new urbanization on tourism economy.
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