Acute Kidney Injury and Nephrotic Syndrome in Guillain-Barre Syndrome: A Rare Clinical Scenario

Abstract

Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) is an acute polyradiculoneuropathy, caused by dysregulated immune response following an infectious or noninfectious event. Although cardiovascular, respiratory, and gastrointestinal systems are commonly involved secondary to neuromuscular paralysis, renal manifestations are rare. Acute kidney injury (AKI) can develop in GBS due to acute tubular necrosis secondary to dysautonomia. Minimal change nephrotic syndrome in GBS may be due to T-cell dysregulation and cytokine release attributed to molecular mimicry. Here, we report the case of GBS with simultaneously developed AKI and nephrotic syndrome during the course of disease, which recovered completely in parallel with neurological improvement without any immunosuppressive medications.