Determinantes da morbidade hospitalar em região do Estado de São Paulo (Brasil) Hospital morbidity determinants in a region of S. Paulo State (Brazil)

Abstract

INTRODUÇÃO: Muitas mudanças ocorreram no perfil da morbidade dos pacientes atendidos nos hospitais do País nos últimos anos, seja em função de fatores demográficos, epidemiológicos, financeiros, tecnológicos ou da estrutura dos serviços. MÉTODOS: Foram utilizados dois bancos de dados referentes às saídas hospitalares nos anos de 1975 e 1988, no Vale do Paraíba, contendo as mesmas variáveis: hospital; residência, idade e sexo do paciente; condição de saída; fontes de financiamento; tempo de permanência e diagnóstico principal. RESULTADOS E CONCLUSÕES: Nas internações percebeu-se queda de alguns grupos de diagnósticos como "sintomas, sinais e afecções maldefinidas" e "doenças infecciosas e parasitárias" e crescimento de outros, em especial "neoplasmas" e "doenças do aparelho circulatório", tendo como causas possíveis as mudanças demográficas, epidemiológicas, tecnológicas e da estrutura de serviços. Houve, ainda, uma migração de diagnósticos pouco específicos para outros mais definidos, provavelmente, como conseqüência das mudanças na forma de remuneração do sistema de saúde.INTRODUCTION: Many changes in the morbidity of patients attended to the Country’s hospitals have occurred in recent years, wether resulting from demographic, epidemiological, financial and technological factors or from those related to the structure of the services themselves. METHODS: The change in diagnoses occurring over this period was analyzed using two data banks relating to hospital discharges during 1975 and 1988, in the Vale do Paraíba, Southeastern Brazil, taking into account the factors mentioned above. Both data banks covered the same variables: hospital, dwelling, patient’s age and sex, health status at discharge, financing sources, duration of stay and main diagnosis. RESULTS: Among the results were to be found: an ageing of the population of the region, with an increase in life expectancy and a decrease in the general and infant mortality coefficients, with a proportional diminution of mortality from "infectious and parasitic diseases" and an increase in "neoplasms", "diseases of the circulatory system" and "injury and poisoning". There was a drop in the number of hospitalizations by some diagnostic groups such as "symptoms, signs and ill-defined conditions" and "infectious and parasitic diseases" and an increase in others, particulary the "neoplasms" and " diseases of the circulatory system". There was a shift from the poorly-defined to better defined diagnoses, further, there was a decrease in the duration of stay for all groups. It was possible to identify some factors which might have caused these changes, although there was no one behavioral pattern for all diagnoses.

Keywords

• Morbidade
• Sistemas de informação hospitalar
• Morbidity
• Hospital information systems