Purely Neuro-endoscopic Transventricular Approach for Cystic Craniopharyngiomas

Abstract

Background and Importance: Craniopharyngiomas are tumors made up of mixed components which can present intraventricular cystic portion. The aim of our work is to evaluate the outcome of the endoscopic marsupialization as a surgical approach. Methods and Materials/Patients: We report 11 cases presenting craniopharyngioma with intraventricular cystic portion inducing hydrocephalus managed at Neurosurgery Unit of Fann Hospital between June 2013 and June 2017. Endoscopic marsupialization was realized for all patients with a rigid neuroendoscope Karl Storz. Results: The mean age of cases was 30.18 years with a ranged 07-69. There was a male predominance with a sex ratio of 1.75. All patients were suffering from an intracranial pressure syndrome. Lowering visual acuity including two (02) blindness cases was found in patients under 15 years. Frontal lobe syndrome was found in all patients of more than 50 years. A cerebral CT scan was realized for 9 patients and an MRI for 4 patients. A cystic marsupialization with biopsy was realized by precoronal approach. Fluid looked like “waste oil” for 9 patients. Ventriculocisternostomy of the 3rd ventricle was realized in 2 cases. Progress was favorable with intracranial pressure signs disappearance in 8 cases. We noticed 3 failures with cyst persistence at control CT Scan. Three patients had a recurrence, requiring revised marsupialization complicated by death in 1 case. Conclusion: Endoscopic marsupialization represents a seductive technique which is an easy and reproducible treatment for intraventricular cystic craniopharyngioma.

Keywords

• craniopharyngioma
• endoscopic marsupialization
• intraventricular cyst
• cyst
• 3rd ventricle