Commentary on the Urgent Need for Comprehensive Cost-Effectiveness Studies in Temporomandibular Disorders

Abstract

Objective This commentary underscores the critical need for focused, comprehensive research on the cost-effectiveness of treatments for temporomandibular disorders (TMD). While some studies have explored this area, a notable gap in systematic evaluations limits clinicians’ and policymakers’ ability to make informed decisions. We highlight key areas where research is lacking and propose a structured approach for future studies.Types of Studies Reviewed The reviewed studies included cost-effectiveness analyses conducted alongside primary data collection, cost-effectiveness analyses following systematic reviews, and protocols for randomized trials that incorporated cost-effectiveness analyses as part of their overall methodology.Results Only two studies reported on the cost-effectiveness of treatments in the Netherlands, focusing on arthrocentesis and TheraBite®. Both were shown to be economically dominant (more effective and less expensive) compared to conservative alternatives. One review indicated that splints were ineffective in controlling the characteristic pain index and had higher costs than no splints. Another study on photobiomodulation presented results that were difficult to interpret. Two planned studies are set in Brazil (laser treatment) and Korea (manual therapy).Practical Implications High-quality economic data specific to the United States healthcare system – including clearly defined perspectives, time horizons, valuation of present and future costs, and adjustments for inflation – are necessary for effective policymaking, advocacy, and patient counseling.

Keywords

• Cost-effectiveness
• quality-adjusted life years
• cost
• TMD