Factors Associated with the Development of Depression and the Influence of Obesity on Depressive Disorders: A Narrative Review
Adriano Alberti,
David Richer Araujo Coelho,
Willians Fernando Vieira,
Betine Moehlecke Iser,
Rose Meiry Fernandez Lampert,
Eliane Traebert,
Bruna Becker da Silva,
Bruna Hoffmann de Oliveira,
Graziela Marques Leão,
Gabriela de Souza,
Fabiana Meneghetti Dallacosta,
Gabriela Kades,
Kristian Madeira,
Matheus Uba Chupel,
Fernando Schorr Grossl,
Renan Souza,
Ben Hur Soares,
Ricelli Endrigo Ruppel da Rocha,
Erica da Silva Sipriano,
Daniel Fernandes Martins,
Lenita Agostinetto
Affiliations
Adriano Alberti
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
David Richer Araujo Coelho
Harvard T. H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA
Willians Fernando Vieira
Department of Anatomy, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo (USP), São Paulo 5508-000, Brazil
Betine Moehlecke Iser
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Posgraduate Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Tubarão 88704-900, Brazil
Rose Meiry Fernandez Lampert
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Eliane Traebert
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Bruna Becker da Silva
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Bruna Hoffmann de Oliveira
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Graziela Marques Leão
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Gabriela de Souza
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Fabiana Meneghetti Dallacosta
Department of Biosciences and Health, University of West Santa Catarina, Joaçaba 89600-000, Brazil
Gabriela Kades
Department of Biosciences and Health, University of West Santa Catarina, Joaçaba 89600-000, Brazil
Kristian Madeira
Department of Mathematics and Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, Brazil
Matheus Uba Chupel
Hurvitz Brain Sciences, Biological Sciences Platform, Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, ON M4N 3M5, Canada
Fernando Schorr Grossl
Department of Biosciences and Health, University of West Santa Catarina, Joaçaba 89600-000, Brazil
Renan Souza
Department of Biosciences and Health, University of West Santa Catarina, Joaçaba 89600-000, Brazil
Ben Hur Soares
Department of Physical Education and Physiotherapy, University of Passo Fundo, Passo Fundo 99052-900, Brazil
Ricelli Endrigo Ruppel da Rocha
Department of the Graduate Program in Development and Society—PPGEDS (UNIARP), University of Alto Vale do Rio do Peixe, Caçador 89500-199, Brazil
Erica da Silva Sipriano
Department of Mathematics and Health Sciences, University of the Extreme South of Santa Catarina (UNESC), Criciúma 88806-000, Brazil
Daniel Fernandes Martins
Department of Biological and Health Sciences Program in Health Sciences, University of Southern Santa Catarina (UNISUL), Palhoça 88132-260, Brazil
Lenita Agostinetto
Graduate Program in Environment and Health, University of Planalto Catarinense—UNIPLAC, Lages 88509-900, Brazil
Depression affects several aspects of life, including socioeconomic status, relationships, behavior, emotions, and overall health. The etiology of depression is complex and influenced by various factors, with obesity emerging as a significant contributor. This narrative review aims to investigate the factors associated with the development of depression, with a particular focus on the role of obesity. The literature search was conducted on PubMed, Embase, and PsycINFO from May to July 2024. The review highlights the impact of environmental and socioeconomic conditions; lifestyle choices, including physical activity and dietary habits; stress; traumatic experiences; neurotransmitter imbalances; medical and psychological conditions; hormone fluctuations; and epigenetic factors on depression. A key emphasis is placed on the inflammatory processes linked to obesity, which may drive the bidirectional relationship between obesity and depression. The findings suggest that obesity is associated with an increased risk of depression, potentially due to chronic inflammation, neurochemical dysregulation, and the emotional and social challenges related to weight stigma and obesity management. Understanding these interconnected factors is important for developing targeted interventions to address both obesity and depression, leading to improved quality of life for those affected.
