The Astrophysical Journal (Jan 2024)
JWST MIRI Detections of Hα and [O iii] and a Direct Metallicity Measurement of the z = 10.17 Lensed Galaxy MACS0647−JD
- Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao,
- Javier Álvarez-Márquez,
- Dan Coe,
- Alejandro Crespo Gómez,
- Abdurro’uf,
- Pratika Dayal,
- Rebecca L. Larson,
- Arjan Bik,
- Carmen Blanco-Prieto,
- Luis Colina,
- Pablo Guillermo Pérez-González,
- Luca Costantin,
- Carlota Prieto-Jiménez,
- Angela Adamo,
- Larry D. Bradley,
- Christopher J. Conselice,
- Seiji Fujimoto,
- Lukas J. Furtak,
- Taylor A. Hutchison,
- Bethan L. James,
- Yolanda Jiménez-Teja,
- Intae Jung,
- Vasily Kokorev,
- Matilde Mingozzi,
- Colin Norman,
- Massimo Ricotti,
- Jane R. Rigby,
- Keren Sharon,
- Eros Vanzella,
- Brian Welch,
- Xinfeng Xu,
- Erik Zackrisson,
- Adi Zitrin
Affiliations
- Tiger Yu-Yang Hsiao
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysics | Harvard & Smithsonian , 60 Garden Street, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Javier Álvarez-Márquez
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Dan Coe
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. for the European Space Agency (ESA) , USA
- Alejandro Crespo Gómez
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Abdurro’uf
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Pratika Dayal
- ORCiD
- Kapteyn Astronomical Institute, University of Groningen , P.O. Box 800, 9700AV Groningen, The Netherlands
- Rebecca L. Larson
- ORCiD
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Rochester Institute of Technology , 84 Lomb Memorial Drive, Rochester, NY 14623, USA
- Arjan Bik
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University , Oscar Klein Centre, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Carmen Blanco-Prieto
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Luis Colina
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Pablo Guillermo Pérez-González
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Luca Costantin
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Carlota Prieto-Jiménez
- ORCiD
- Centro de Astrobiología (CAB) , CSIC-INTA, Ctra. de Ajalvir km 4, Torrejón de Ardoz, E-28850 Madrid, Spain ; [email protected]
- Angela Adamo
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, Stockholm University , Oscar Klein Centre, AlbaNova University Centre, 106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
- Larry D. Bradley
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Christopher J. Conselice
- ORCiD
- Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, University of Manchester , Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, UK
- Seiji Fujimoto
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, The University of Texas at Austin , Austin, TX 78712, USA
- Lukas J. Furtak
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Beér-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Taylor A. Hutchison
- ORCiD
- Observational Cosmology Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Bethan L. James
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA; Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA), Inc. for the European Space Agency (ESA) , USA
- Yolanda Jiménez-Teja
- ORCiD
- Instituto de Astrofísica de Andalucía , Glorieta de la Astronomía s/n, 18008 Granada, Spain; Observatório Nacional—MCTI (ON) , Rua Gal. José Cristino 77, São Cristóvão, 20921-400 Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
- Intae Jung
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Vasily Kokorev
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Beér-Sheva 84105, Israel
- Matilde Mingozzi
- ORCiD
- Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Colin Norman
- ORCiD
- Center for Astrophysical Sciences, Department of Physics and Astronomy, The Johns Hopkins University , 3400 N Charles Street, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA ; [email protected]; Space Telescope Science Institute (STScI) , 3700 San Martin Drive, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA
- Massimo Ricotti
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Jane R. Rigby
- ORCiD
- Observational Cosmology Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA
- Keren Sharon
- ORCiD
- Department of Astronomy, University of Michigan , 1085 S. University Avenue, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA
- Eros Vanzella
- ORCiD
- INAF–OAS , Osservatorio di Astrofisica e Scienza dello Spazio di Bologna, via Gobetti 93/3, I-40129 Bologna, Italy
- Brian Welch
- ORCiD
- Observational Cosmology Lab, NASA Goddard Space Flight Center , Greenbelt, MD 20771, USA; Department of Astronomy, University of Maryland , College Park, MD 20742, USA
- Xinfeng Xu
- ORCiD
- Center for Interdisciplinary Exploration and Research in Astrophysics (CIERA), Northwestern University, 1800 Sherman Avenue, Evanston, IL, 60201, USA; Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University , 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208, USA
- Erik Zackrisson
- ORCiD
- Observational Astrophysics, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Uppsala University , Box 516, SE-751 20 Uppsala, Sweden; Swedish Collegium for Advanced Study , Linneanum, Thunbergsvägen 2, SE-752 38 Uppsala, Sweden
- Adi Zitrin
- ORCiD
- Physics Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev , P.O. Box 653, Beér-Sheva 84105, Israel
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ad6562
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 973,
no. 2
p. 81
Abstract
JWST spectroscopy has revolutionized our understanding of galaxies in the early Universe. Covering wavelengths up to 5.3 μ m, NIRSpec can detect rest-frame optical H α emission lines out to z = 7 and [O iii ] to z = 9.5. Observing these lines in more distant galaxies requires longer wavelength spectroscopy with MIRI. Here we present MIRI Medium Resolution Spectrograph integral field unit observations of the lensed galaxy merger MACS0647–JD at z = 10.165. With exposure times of 4.2 hr in each of two bands (SHORT and LONG), we detect H α at 9 σ , [O iii ] λ 5008 at 11 σ , and [O iii ] λ 4960 at 3 σ . Combined with previously reported NIRSpec spectroscopy that yielded seven emission lines including the auroral line [O iii ] λ 4363, we present the first direct metallicity measurement of a z > 10 galaxy: $12+\mathrm{log}({\rm{O}}/{\rm{H}})=7.79\pm 0.09$ , or ${0.13}_{-0.03}^{+0.02}\,{Z}_{\odot }$ . This is similar to galaxies at z ∼ 4–9 with direct metallicity measurements, though higher than expected given the high specific star formation rate log(sSFR/yr ^−1 ) = −7.4 ± 0.3. We further constrain the ionization parameter $\mathrm{log}(U)$ = −1.9 ± 0.1, ionizing photon production efficiency log( ξ _ion ) = 25.3 ± 0.1, and SFR = 5.0 ± 0.6 M _⊙ yr ^−1 within the past 10 Myr. These observations demonstrate the combined power of JWST NIRSpec and MIRI for studying galaxies in the first 500 million years.
Keywords
- Galaxies
- High-redshift galaxies
- Early universe
- Strong gravitational lensing
- Galaxy spectroscopy
- Metallicity
