Construction of a Three-Dimensional BaTiO<sub>3</sub> Network for Enhanced Permittivity and Energy Storage of PVDF Composites
Xueqing Bi,
Lujia Yang,
Zhen Wang,
Yanhu Zhan,
Shuangshuang Wang,
Chunmei Zhang,
Yuchao Li,
Yinggang Miao,
Junwei Zha
Affiliations
Xueqing Bi
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Lujia Yang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Zhen Wang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Yanhu Zhan
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Shuangshuang Wang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Chunmei Zhang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Yuchao Li
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China
Yinggang Miao
Joint International Research Laboratory of Impact Dynamics and Its Engineering Applications, School of Aeronautics, Northwestern Polytechnical University, Xi’an 710072, China
Junwei Zha
School of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Three-dimensional BaTiO3 (3D BT)/polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) composite dielectrics were fabricated by inversely introducing PVDF solution into a continuous 3D BT network, which was simply constructed via the sol-gel method using a cleanroom wiper as a template. The effect of the 3D BT microstructure and content on the dielectric and energy storage properties of the composites were explored. The results showed that 3D BT with a well-connected continuous network and moderate grain sizes could be easily obtained by calcining a barium source containing a wiper template at 1100 °C for 3 h. The as-fabricated 3D BT/PVDF composites with 21.1 wt% content of 3D BT (3DBT–2) exhibited the best comprehensive dielectric and energy storage performances. An enhanced dielectric constant of 25.3 at 100 Hz, which was 2.8 times higher than that of pure PVDF and 1.4 times superior to the conventional nano–BT/PVDF 25 wt% system, was achieved in addition with a low dielectric loss of 0.057 and a moderate dielectric breakdown strength of 73.8 kV·mm−1. In addition, the composite of 3DBT–2 exhibited the highest discharge energy density of 1.6 × 10−3 J·cm−3 under 3 kV·mm−1, which was nearly 4.5 times higher than that of neat PVDF.
