Indian Journal of Community Medicine (Jan 2024)

Prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and its association with type-II diabetes mellitus and smoking by using periodontal screening and recording: A retrospective study

  • Oinam Monica Devi,
  • Shaveta Sood,
  • Jyoti Gupta,
  • Ashish Jain

DOI
https://doi.org/10.4103/ijcm.ijcm_642_22
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 49, no. 1
pp. 56 – 63

Abstract

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Background: Periodontal screening recording (PSR) is considered a quick, reliable, reproducible valuable screening tool for periodontal disease. This study aims to find the prevalence and severity of periodontal disease and its association with self-reported diabetic status and smoking history of the patients by using PSR codes over a period of 2 years. Material and Methods: This was a cross-sectional retrospective study in a dental hospital in Chandigarh. Data of 10,882 patients comprising self-reported history of smoking (893) and diabetes (725) patients were assessed for the prevalence of periodontal disease by using PSR codes. Pearson Chi-Square test was used for statistical evaluation of PSR codes data. Results: Out of a total of 65,292 sextants assessed, the maximum and minimum reported PSR codes were 2 and 4, respectively. Gingivitis was found to be the most prevalent, followed by periodontitis and periodontal health in the total assessed population (P < 0.001). Mucogingival problems and complete edentulism were found to be more prevalent in posterior sextants in comparison to anterior sextants. Both self-reported smokers and type-II diabetes mellitus patients presented gingivitis as the most common clinical presentation, with the highest prevalence seen in the 55–74-year age group, which also comprised the group with maximum mucogingival problems and edentulism. Conclusion: This study gives an overview of patients' general oral health status and reflects the burden of periodontal disease in the Chandigarh region, thus contributing to the national oral health data.

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