Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río (Dec 2006)
Algunos aspectos epidemiológicos en la morbilidad obstétrica crítica Some epidemiological aspects in critical obstetric morbidity
Abstract
Con la finalidad de analizar el comportamiento de la morbilidad en la paciente obstétrica crítica se realizó una investigación retrospectiva, transversal, analítica en el Hospital Universitario "Abel Santamaría Cuadrado", durante el periodo de mayo del 2001 hasta diciembre de 2004. El universo quedó conformado por todas las pacientes obstétricas (embarazadas o puérperas) que ingresaron en dicho hospital en el período antes mencionado, la muestra se formó con todas aquellas pacientes que ingresaron en la terapia intensiva, se estudiaron variables relacionadas con la madre, el embarazo y el parto. Utilizamos el por ciento, el promedio y la desviación estándar así como el test de diferencia de proporciones (Z), con nivel de significación de pIn order to analyze the behaviour of the morbidity rate in the critical obstetric patient a retrospective, cross-sectional, analytical research was performed at Abel Santamaría Cuadrado University Hospital, from May 2001 to December 2004. The whole sample was comprised by all the obstetric patients (pregnant or puerperal) who were admitted at such hospital during the period above mentioned. The sample comprised all those patients admitted at the Intensive Unit Care. Variables related to the mother, the pregnancy, and labor were analyzed. The percentage, the average and standard deviation were used, as well as the ratio difference test with a level of significance p<0.05. Also, odds ratio (OR) was used to ascertain the risk factor and the attributable percentage risk, as well as the confidence interval for OR 95%. The serious maternal morbidity was highly associated with the aging, pregnant, multipara, those who underwent previous labors, bronchial asthma, hypertension, and heart disease, as well as the hypertensive processes during pregnancy. The obstetric causes were most frequent. Anemia and respiratory sepsis were the predominant complications. As a conclusion, there are maternal events capable of producing serious processes during pregnancy and puerperium.
